Cabanga ngosuku lapho umlimi engakwazi ukuma ensimini, azulise isisetshenziswa esiphathwa ngesandla phezu kukatamatisi futhi abone amagciwane ngokushesha, okungase asindise ukuphila nezigidigidi zamaRandi.
Lolo suku lungase lungabi kude, ngenxa yocwaningo olwenziwa ngabakwa I-Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station e-Auburn University.
Njengenye yamanyuvesi ayi-11 anikezwe izibonelelo yi US Department of Agriculture ukwenza ucwaningo lwe-nanotechnology, ososayensi bakwa-Auburn basebenzela ukuthuthukisa ukuqapha kwe-pathogen kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kokudla ngokudala uhlelo olusebenziseka kalula olungakwazi ukubona izifo eziningi ezitholakala ekudleni ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngokunembile, zibiza ngempumelelo nangokushesha.
UNobhala we-USDA u-Tom Vilsack usanda kumemezela ukutshalwa kwezimali okungaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-5.2 zamaRandi kuzwelonke ukuze kusekelwe ucwaningo lokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kokudla, ukuthuthukisa amafutha avuselelekayo, ukwandisa isivuno sezitshalo nokulawula izinambuzane zezolimo. Imiklomelo yenziwe nge Uhlelo Locwaningo Lwezolimo Nokudla, uhlelo lwesibonelelo lukazwelonke olunokuncintisana, olubuyekezwe ontanga lwesayensi yezolimo eyisisekelo nesetshenziswayo.
Ucwaningo luka-Auburn luhlukile ngoba lusebenzisa i-biological nanotechnology ukufeza izinhloso zalo, kusho. Sang-Jin Suh, uprofesa ohlanganyele eMnyangweni Wesayensi Yezinto Eziphilayo ka-Auburn.
USuh futhi uyilungu le- I-Auburn University Detection and Food Safety Center, futhi uncoma umqondisi wayo, uBryan Chin, uprofesa wobunjiniyela bezinto zokwakha, ngokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe be-biosensor obuyisisekelo socwaningo.
"Lokhu ukusungulwa okusha kukaDkt. Chin, futhi waqasha abantu abafana nami-isazi sezakhi zofuzo zebhaktheriya-ukusiza ukuhlanganisa lobu buchwepheshe bube yi-biosensor esekelwe kuyizinhlayiyana engasetshenziswa ukuthola amagciwane okudla," kusho uSuh.
Izilinganiso ziwukuthi abantu baseMelika abangaba yizigidi ezingu-48 bayagula minyaka yonke ngenxa yamagciwane atholakala ekudleni nobuthi, okubangela umthwalo wezomnotho ocishe ube ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-80. Lezi zilinganiso azicabangi izindleko embonini yezokudla, okuhlanganisa ukuncipha ukuzethemba kwabathengi, ukulahlekelwa okukhumbulayo noma ukumangalelwa.
Njengoba ukuqubuka kwamagciwane atholakala ekudleni kanye nokukhumbula ukudla okungcolile sekuvame kakhulu, kuye kwaba sobala ukuthi kudingeka izinhlelo ezingcono zokuhlonza amagciwane ukuze kutholakale ukudla okungcolile ngaphambi kokuba kudliwe umphakathi.
"Noma nini lapho ukudla kungcolile, ngokuvamile kuthatha i-FDA, i-CDC noma ezinye izinsuku zamalebhu noma amasonto ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwamagciwane," kusho uSuh. “Ubuchwepheshe bethu bungakwenza ngaphansi kwemizuzu engu-10.
“Okwamanje, noma nini lapho kunokuqubuka kwe-pathogen etholakala ekudleni, kufanele bathathe ukudla okunegciwane futhi bakhulise amagciwane kukho, okudinga amahora ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Khona-ke bazobona ukuthi ihambisana yini nephethini ye-pathogen okusolakala ukuthi. Sihlukanisa ama-probe aqondene nalelo pathogen. Uma ibophezela kuphenyo, siyazi ukuthi i-pathogen ethile ikhona. ”
Ngaphezu kobude besikhathi esidingekayo emiphumeleni, izinhlelo zamanje zokuthola igciwane lesandulela ngculazi zidinga amathuluzi abizayo kanye nokuqeqeshwa okubanzi kwabasebenzi.
"Izindlela ezimbili ezidume kakhulu zokuthola amagciwane, ngaphandle kwendlela yendabuko yokulima, zidinga ukuqeqeshwa okubanzi," kusho uSuh. “Indlela yethu izodinga ukuqeqeshwa okuncane. Sicabanga ukuthi wonke umlimi uzoba naleli khono, izindawo zokucubungula zizoba naleli khono futhi izitolo nezindawo zokudlela zizoba naleli khono. Ngisho nabathengi bazokwazi ukusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe.”
I-biosensor izoba yiqapha eliphathwa ngesandla elizogcina libone ubukhona be-pathogen yokudla ebangeni elingamasentimitha ayi-10 ukusuka kudivayisi.
"Lokhu kuzovumela ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kokudla kusuka epulazini kuya etafuleni," kusho uSuh. “Umtshina ungabiza imali engaphansi kuka-$500 futhi ekugcineni ungasindisa izigidigidi zamarandi nokuphila okuningi.”
Inhloso yocwaningo luka-Suh ukuthuthukisa uhlelo oluzovumela ukuhlonzwa ngasikhathi sinye kwamagciwane amaningi atholakala ekudleni ngesikhathi sangempela, okuhlanganisa i-Salmonella enterica, i-Escherichia coli kanye ne-listeria monocytogenes.
“Sike sakwenza ngaphambilini ibonise ukusebenza kahle kwama-biosensors ethu ukuze kutholakale okunembile nokusheshayo kwamagciwane ngamanye,” kusho uSuh. “Kulolu cwaningo, sizothuthukisa uhlelo lwe-multiplex olukwazi ukubona ukuba khona kwamagciwane amaningana avamile atholakala ekudleni.
"Njengoba sithuthukisa uhlelo lwethu ezifundweni ezizayo, lunganwetshwa ukuze lufake amagciwane nobuthi ukuze lube uhlelo olubanzi lokuhlonza noma yiziphi izifo ezitholakala ekudleni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha komphakathi."
Ithimba labacwaningi baka-Auburn lisebenzisana nososayensi bakwamanye amanyuvesi ukuze basebenzise lobu buchwepheshe futhi ngethemba lokuthi bathola imvume ye-FDA ukuze busetshenziswe kabanzi esikhathini esizayo.
- Paul Hollis, Inyuvesi yase-Auburn
Umthombo: I-Auburn University College of Agriculture