The I-USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture muva kumemezela isibonelelo sika-$2.4 million ngohlelo lwayo Lokucwaninga NgezoLimo Nokudla ukuze kuxhaswe uhlelo lwezinhlaka ezahlukene oluholwa abacwaningi eNyuvesi yase-Illinois (U of I). Uhlelo lwe-data-intensive farm management (DIFM) luzosebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo obunembayo ukuze luqhube insimu ephelele, izivivinyo ze-agronomic yasepulazini ezishintsha amazinga okufakwa kukamanyolo we-nitrogen. Idatha ekhiqizwe kuphrojekthi izosiza abalimi ukuphatha ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen ukuze bakhulise inzuzo futhi banciphise ukugeleza kwezakhi.
Kuze kube manje, amandla obuchwepheshe bezolimo okunemba ekuthuthukiseni ukuphathwa kwepulazi awakafezeki ngokugcwele.
“Esikwenza ngokuhlukile ukushintsha okuguquguqukayo kwabaphathi,” kusho u-U of I isazi somnotho wezolimo uDavid Bullock. “Siveza amasimu futhi sithatha idatha yesivuno, kodwa sizophinde siguqule amazinga okufakwa kwe-nitrogen ngezinga elihle kuyo yonke inkambu ngayinye. Lokhu kuzoveza ulwazi oluningi ngokuthi yini esebenzayo nengasebenzi.”
Ithimba labacwaningi abangu-28 kanye nabasebenzi bezandiso abavela emanyuvesi ayisithupha lizobe lixhumanisa izivivinyo zasepulazini ezinkambini eziyi-100 e-Illinois, Nebraska, Kentucky, Argentina, nase-Uruguay phakathi nenkathi yokufunda yeminyaka emine. Ukwengeza ekukhiqizeni idatha eningi, inhloso enkulu yephrojekthi ukuthuthukisa isofthiwe ezodlulisela imibono yokuphatha kubaluleki bamapulazi. Uma leyo software isithuthukisiwe, abacwaningi banethemba lokuqhuba izivivinyo ezinkulungwaneni zamapulazi.
"Ngenxa yokuthi konke ukuhlola kwethu kuzokwenziwa ngohlaka olufanayo, sizogcina sinedatha eningi," kubika u-Bullock. "Sizosebenzisa izibalo ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokuhlaziya umnotho ukuze sithole ukuthi izici zepulazi ezihlukene ziwathinta kanjani amanani ezicelo afanelekile."
Izincomo ezikhona zokuphatha ngokuvamile ziqondiswe kuzo zonke izifunda noma izinhlelo zokunqampuna, ngaphandle kokucabangela idatha eqondene nesayithi. Abacwaningi balinganisela ukuthi, ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, bazokwazi ukunikeza abalimi iseluleko esinenzuzo ngokusekelwe ekuhloleni okwenziwa emikhakheni yabo ethile.
“Lokho kuwuguquko,” kusho uBullock.
Abacwaningi bafuna abalimi ukuthi babambe iqhaza ocwaningweni. Nakuba amapulazi ezoba yizindawo zokuhlola, ukuphazamiseka kubalimi kuzoba kuncane. Izivumelwano zokuhlola zizohlelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo zibe yimishini yasemapulazini, okusho ukuthi abalimi badinga ukushayela imishini yabo njengenjwayelo. Okubalulekile, abalimi bazonxeshezelwa ngokugcwele nganoma yikuphi ukulahlekelwa phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokuhlolwa. Bazophinde bathole u-$500 ngokubamba iqhaza kwabo kuphrojekthi.
Abanentshisekelo bangathumela i-imeyili kuDavid Bullock ku dsbulloc@illinois.edu noma Don Bullock at dbullock@illinois.edu ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe nokubhalisa.
Umthombo: I-University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences