#sustainableagriculture #high-efficiency farming #artificialsoil #TOWING #carbonreduction #foodproduction #biochar #agriculturalinnovation
I-TOWING, isiqalo esasungulwa yiNyuvesi yaseNagoya, sakha i-biochar esebenza kahle kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi “i-Soratan” ukuze kuzuzwe ezolimo ezisimeme futhi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kuyilapho kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nomanyolo wamakhemikhali. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe babo obuyingqayizivele bokuthuthukiswa kwenhlabathi yokwenziwa, inkampani ihlose ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yenhlabathi futhi ithole imiphumela efana nokunciphisa i-CO2 kanye nokwenyuka kwesivuno. Lesi sihloko sihlola ingemuva, ukuthuthukiswa, kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yohlelo olusha lokukhiqiza ukudla lwe-TOWING.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ezolimo zibhekane nezinselelo ezinkulu ekuguqukeni ezindleleni zokukhiqiza ezincike kumanyolo wamakhemikhali kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa. Ukuncipha kwezinsiza kanye nokukhuphuka kwezindleko ezihambisana nomanyolo wamakhemikhali sekuyinkinga enkulu kubalimi, kanye nodaba lokukhishwa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya. Ezolimo namahlathi zenza cishe ingxenye yesine yokukhishwa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya emhlabeni, njengoba kushiwo ku-“Green Food System Strategy” eyakhiwe yiZizwe Ezihlangene. Igcizelela ukuncishiswa kwezinsalela zikaphethiloli kanye nokusetshenziswa kukamanyolo wamakhemikhali njengengxenye yemizamo yokuqeda ikhabhoni.
Kodwa-ke, ukushintsha kusuka kumakhemikhali kuya kumanyolo wemvelo akuwona umsebenzi olula kubalimi. Abanye babhekana nokuncipha okukhulu kwesivuno lapho besuka kumakhemikhali baye kumanyolo wezinto eziphilayo, futhi kuthatha cishe iminyaka emihlanu ukwakha kabusha inhlabathi ukuze bathole isivuno esifanayo. “Abalimi abafuna ukushintshela ezindleleni ezisimeme bavame ukungabaza ukwenza kanjalo ngoba ukwehla kwezivuno kuyinselelo,” kusho uKohei Nishida, oyi-CEO ye-TOWING. I-biochar ye-Soratan eyakhiwe yi-TOWING inikeza isisombululo esithembisayo kule nkinga.
I-Soratan iyi-biochar esebenza kahle kakhulu etholakala emithonjeni ye-biomass engasetshenziswa kancane njengamakhoba elayisi nomquba wemfuyo. I-TOWING yengeza umphakathi we-microbial ekhethiwe ngokukhethekile ku-biochar, ihlakulela ama-microorganisms alungele umanyolo we-organic usebenzisa indlela yokuvubela ephefumulelwe ukukhiqizwa. Le nqubo yenza kusebenze izinhlobo ezimbili zamabhaktheriya, amabhaktheriya ane-nitrifying nama-ammonifying bacteria, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokubola komanyolo wezinto eziphilayo. Ukwakhiwa kwalezi zinambuzane kuwumsebenzi oyinselele, kodwa kuwubuchwepheshe obuwumgogodla owasungulwa yiNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization. UNishida uhlangabezane nalobu buchwepheshe ngesikhathi efunda eNyuvesi yaseNagoya futhi manje useyisebenzisa emphakathini nge-TOWING.
Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-Soratan yikhono layo lokukhuthaza ezolimo ezisimeme ngenkathi ibuyekeza izindlela zokulima zendawo. Inganciphisa isikhathi sokwakha kabusha inhlabathi edingekayo kumanyolo wezinto eziphilayo kusukela eminyakeni emihlanu kuya cishe enyangeni eyodwa, ngaleyo ndlela isekele isivuno esikhulayo. Nakuba imiphumela okwamanje isesigabeni sokuhlolwa, ezinye izimo zibonise ukukhuphuka kwesivuno cishe ngo-20% kuya ku-70%. Ngokombono we-decarbonization, i-Soratan inikeza amandla okulungiswa kwekhabhoni nokumuncwa, ngenani elilinganiselwe lokulungisa ikhabhoni elingamathani angu-1 kuye kwayi-4 ngama-ares ayi-10 (amamitha-skwele ayi-1,000) ngokulingana ne-CO2.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yokusebenzisa i-Soratan ukuthi ingangeniswa ezinhlelweni zezolimo ezikhona ngoshintsho oluncane njengoba isebenza esikhundleni somquba kanye nezinto zokuthuthukisa umhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isici esiyingqayizivele sokusebenzisa “i-biomass yendawo engasetshenziswa kancane” njengempahla eluhlaza ye-biochar siyaphawuleka. Ngaphambilini, abalimi berayisi kanye nabakhiqizi bemfuyo kwakudingeka balahle i-biomass efana namakhoba elayisi nomquba wezilwane ngezindleko uma bengakwazi ukudayisa njengomquba. Ukuguqula i-biomass enjalo engasetshenziswa kancane ibe yizinsiza ezibalulekile kunikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu emabhizinisini.
I-TOWING ibona ngeso lengqondo ukudala amaphuzu emali amaningi kuwo wonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka njengengxenye yemodeli yebhizinisi layo. Le nkampani ihlela ukusebenzisana nezinkampani nabalimi abalahla i-biomass, isungule izitshalo ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zokukhiqiza iSoratan, futhi idayisele abalimi iSoratan.