Ezilimoni ezine zesintu, ukuvundiswa kuka-anyanisi kuhamba phambili. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuvundiswa kwembewu ka-anyanisi nayo iyakhuthaza kulo nyaka.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-Onion Innovation and Knowledge Centre (UIKC) e-Kolinsplaat, i-Zeeland ikhombisa ukuthi ukuvundisa kuphinda kabili isivuno sika-anyanisi: amathani angama-65 ehektheleni uma kuqhathaniswa namathani angama-30 ihektha ngalinye ngaphandle kokunisela. Ukufafaza isihlahla izikhathi eziyisishagalombili kwanikeza isivuno ngehektha ngalinye ngenani lamathani angama-40 ihektha ngalinye.
Ukuvundisa kungabiza kakhulu kunokuchelela okuvamile, kodwa ngenxa yesivuno esiphezulu, kungaphela ngokushesha. UVan Yperen ubala ukuthi abalimi baka-anyanisi bangathola u-€3,150 ngaphezulu ngehektha ngalinye ngokuvundisa kunokuchelela okuvamile. Into ebiza kakhulu umanyolo, okulandelwa yi-drip tape, izindleko zesistimu, nezindleko zokufaka nokuhlanza.
NgokukaVan Iperen, izindleko ezengeziwe zokuvundisa zingama-euro angu-1,850 uma kuqhathaniswa nokunisela. Ngenani lika-anyanisi lamasenti angu-0.20 kanye nesivuno esingamathani angu-80 ehektheleni ngalinye, i-fertijes ikhiqiza ama-euro angu-16,000. Ukunisela okuvamile kunikeza isivuno ngehektha ngalinye lamathani angu-55, futhi kumasenti angu-0.20 euro, imbuyiselo yezimali ihlala ku-11,000 euros. €16,000 kukhishwe izindleko ezengeziwe zokuvundisa zengeza kufika ku-€3,150 ihektha ngalinye. Amathoni abalwa umlimi ama-avareji emiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-UIKC ngo-2020, 2021 nango-2022.
I-Fertigatie biedt meer grip op gewas en geeft meer zekerheid en rendement
UMIKEY AKKEMANS, FEERTIGATIESPECIALIST VAN IPEREN
UVan Yperen unesipiliyoni seminyaka eminingi evundisa kakhulu u-anyanisi futhi usanda kubika ngemiphumela evela e-Oude-Tong eningizimu ye-Holland. “Ukuvundisa kunikeza amandla okubamba isilimo kangcono, kukhulisa ukuvikeleka kwezitshalo nokusebenza kahle, kunikeza ikhwalithi engcono yomkhiqizo nokuzinza okuphezulu kwezitshalo,” kusho uchwepheshe we-fertigation uMikey Ackermans.
U-anyanisi udinga amanzi aphakathi kuka-150 no-250 wamamilimitha, ngokusho kuka-Van Iperen, kuya ngendawo ekhulayo, isigaba sokutshala, indawo kanye nesikhathi sonyaka. Lokhu kungaphezu, ngokwesibonelo, amazambane, angakhula ngokuvamile ngamamilimitha ayi-100-150 ehektheleni. Ngesizini edlule yokukhula, ngenxa yesomiso esinzima, umlimi ka-anyanisi unisele cishe amamilimitha angama-300 kwezinye izilingo. Kuwubuciko bokufaka umquba ngendlela ephumelelayo ngangokunokwenzeka ngosizo lwamanzi nomanyolo.
Lokhu kudinga izinga eliphezulu lokudla kanye nokudla okunomsoco. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lokhu kuthinteka ibanga phakathi kwamaconsi. Lapho ipayipi lisondela kumugqa wembewu, amanzi asetshenziswa kahle kakhulu. Ingozi ukuthi imigqa yangaphandle ikhiqizwe ngoba ithola amanzi amancane. U-Akkermans weluleka ngokubeka inyoka eyodwa emigqeni emibili embhedeni ka-anyanisi. Embhedeni wamamitha angu-1.5 kuyoba nezinyoka ezimbili emigqeni emine ka-anyanisi.
Umswakama ngemva kokuhlwanyela
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukubeka amapayipi ajulile ngokwanele. 'Okungenani amasentimitha angu-5. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umbhede wembewu ulungiswa ngokujulile, ngakho-ke ukuthambisa emva kokuhlwanyela kuyadingeka. Kodwa uma amapayipi ehlangene kakhulu, izimbobo zokuvuza zingavaleka, amapayipi aqhume, noma umonakalo obangelwa ukuminza.'
U-Akkermans ubika ukuthi ku-anyanisi ophuzi onezinhlamvu ezine zembewu, imbewu eyisigidi, isivuno sika-anyanisi esingamathani ayi-1 ehektheleni singatholakala. Ngenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene, lokhu akusebenzi ekusebenzeni. Kwenzenjani? Empeleni, amanzi ahlanganiswe nokuvundisa anomthelela omkhulu esivunweni. “Ukunisela nokuvundiswa ngendlela engafanele kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezitshalo ngamaphesenti angu-100,” kusho umlimi.
Izimbangela zokwehla kwesivuno
“Kuqala ekuqaleni kokulinywa. Uma imbewu ingaqhumi ngokwanele, isakhiwo senhlabathi asilungile futhi sihlala somile isikhathi eside ngemva kokuhlwanyela, uvele ulahle amathani angama-30 wezitshalo. Ukhula, izifo kanye nezinambuzane kungaholela ekuncipheni ngamaphesenti angu-30 kamuva ekulinyweni. Ukwengeza Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivuno singaba ngaphansi ngamaphesenti angu-20 ngenxa yokulimala kukasawoti.'
Phela, ukuhlolwa kokunisela kwe-UIKC ngo-2022 epulazini lokuhlola i-Rustchoeve e-Kolinsplaat kwabonisa ukuthi ukuchelela nge-drip yamanzi kasawoti kungenzeka ngempela. Uma usebenzisa i-drip irrigation kuphela, ama-fertilizer awafakwa. Umphumela wamanzi ane-brackish ane-conductivity kagesi (EC) engu-4 ucishe ufane nokunisela nge-water drip irrigation, kubika i-Delphy ngoSuku Luka-anyanisi ngo-Agasti.
Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-EC8
Lapho u-anyanisi econsa amamilimitha angu-60 ku-EC 4, isivuno sigcinwe kahle naphezu kokugcwala kukasawoti omningi. Isihloko sibonise ukukhula kweqabunga okufanayo kanye nenani lika-anyanisi njengesihloko esiqhathanisekayo samanzi ahlanzekile. Esivivinyweni se-CZAV se-drip epulazini lamaholide, enye insimu yaze yaba namanzi aconsayo anenani le-EC elingu-8.