Umhlahlandlela Wolwazi Lokulima Kwezaqathi:
Isingeniso:
Izaqathi zikhula kalula engadini enenhlabathi ejulile, exekethile; futhi njengoba ungase uqagele egameni, agcwele i-beta carotene. Ukunikezwa kwenkomishi engu-1/2 kukunikeza ngokuphindwe kane Isibonelelo Sansuku zonke Esinconyiwe sikavithamini A osesimweni se-beta carotene. Ukukhulisa nokuvuna izaqathe kuyindlela enhle yokusebenzisa izinzuzo zazo zokudla okunomsoco. I-Carrot Farming idlala indima enkulu emnothweni waseNdiya njengoba isitshalo esikhulu semifino eNdiya.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezaqathi eNdiya:
- Amagquma: I-Ooty-1, i-Early Nantes ne-New Koroda
- Amathafa: Igolide laseNdiya, iPusa Kesar, neHalf Long Danvers
Umhlabathi Ongcono Kakhulu Wokulima Izaqathi:
I-carrot iyisitshalo senkathi yesimo sezulu esipholile futhi lapho isikhule ku-15°C kuya ku-20°C izoba nombala omuhle. Isitshalo se-carrot sidinga inhlabathi evundile ejulile evulekile. Idinga i-pH esukela ku-6.0 ukuya ku-7.0 ukuze ikhiqize isivuno esiphezulu.https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_620771810https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_620771812
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokutshala izaqathi:
- Amagquma: Endaweni ephakeme ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1500, iCarrot ingatshalwa unyaka wonke ngaphansi kokunisela okuqinisekisiwe. Ezindaweni eziphakeme phakathi kuka-1000 - 1500 wamamitha, i-Carrot ingatshalwa ngoJulayi - February.
- Amathafa: Agasti.
Izinga lokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-carrot:
3.5 kuya ku-4 kg/ha.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezitshalo Kwekaqathi:
Maka imigqa ngokugqagqana okungama-25 – 30 cm. Hlwanyela imbewu exutshwe nesihlabathi (ingxenye eyodwa yembewu nezingxenye ezi-4 zesihlabathi).
Ukunciphisa Izitshalo Zekarothi:
Amagquma: 10 cm phakathi kwezitshalo kanye Amathafa: 5 cm phakathi kwezitshalo.
Ukulungiswa Kwezwe Lokutshalwa Kwezaqathi:
Amagquma: Lungiselela umhlaba ukuze ulinywe kahle futhi wenze imibhede ephakanyisiwe engu-15 cm ubude, ububanzi obuyimitha elilodwa, nobude obuvumelanayo.
Amathafa: Kunikezwa amageja amabili bese kwakhiwa imisele nemisele ngezikhala ezingama-30 cm.
Ukwelashwa kwembewu ye-carrot:
- Ukwelashwa kwembewu nge-cow pat pit @ 3 g ku-1 ilitha lamanzi amahora angu-24
- Ukwelashwa kwembewu ngo-5% I-Trichoderma viride
- Idiphu yezimpande zesithombo ngo-5% I-Pseudomonas fluorescens ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha
Ukunisela ukukhulisa izaqathi:
Ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kufanele inikezwe kanye ezinsukwini ezinhlanu. Phakathi nenkathi yesomiso, ngemva kokupha uchelela kusihlwa, imibhede kufanele imbozwe ngezikhwama ezimanzi ze-gun. Lokhu kuvimbela ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi ngokweqile phakathi nezinsuku libalele. Ukuhluma kwembewu nakho kuyathuthukiswa.
Isidingo somquba kanye Nomanyolo wokutshala izaqathi:
- Umanyolo oluhlaza nge-lupine ezinsukwini ezingama-60 ngaphambi kokutshala
- Ukufafaza umquba wezimpondo emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokulungiswa komhlaba @ 75g/ha ngokuwuncibilikisa kumalitha angama-40 amanzi.
- Ukufakwa komquba wasepulazini obole kahle @ 50 t/ha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa komhlaba
- Ukufaka umquba we-biodynamic ku-5 t/ha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwendawo
- Ukufakwa kwe-vermicompost ku-5 t/ha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwendawo
- Ukusebenzisa ikhekhe le-neem ku-1250 kg/ha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwendawo
- Ukusetshenziswa kwama-biofertilizer, I-Azospirillum, kanye nePhosphobacteria @ 25 kg ngayinye/ha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwendawo
- Ukufafaza umgodi wokumbamba inkomo @ 5 kg/ha kumalitha ayi-100 amanzi ngosuku lwama-45, 60 kanye no-75 ngemuva kokutshala.
Ukulawula Ukhula Ekulimeni Kwezaqathi:
Ngemuva kokutshala, ukuhluma kokuqala kufanele kwenziwe ngosuku lwe-15. Ukucwiliswa kanye nokucwiliswa komhlaba kufanele kunikezwe ngosuku lwama-30.
Izilawuli zokukhula kweCarrot Farming:
- Ukufafaza nge-foliar kwe-panchagavya ngamaphesenti ama-3 ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-10 kusukela enyangeni yoku-1 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela
- Ukufafaza i-vermiwash engu-10% izikhathi ezi-5 ngezikhathi eziyi-15 kusukela enyangeni eyodwa ngemva kokuhlwanyela
- I-Foliar spray of horn silica @ 2.5 g/ha kumalitha angama-50 amanzi ngosuku lwama-65 emva kokuhlwanyela ukwandisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezimpande zezaqathi
Izinambuzane Nezifo Ekulimeni Kwezaqathi:
I-karoti ayithinteki kakhulu izinambuzane.
I-Root-knot nematode:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwekhekhe le-neem @ 1 ton/ha isikhathi sokuhlwanyela ukulawula i-root-knot nematode, I-Meloidogyne spp
- Ukukhulisa isanqante kanye eminyakeni emi-3 ngokulandela ukushintshanisa kwezitshalo
- Ukukhulisa i-marigold kanye eminyakeni emi-2
- Isicelo se I-Paecilomyces lilacinus @ 10 kg/ha ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu
Indawo yeqabunga:
- Isifutho se-Foliar sika-5% wetiye le-Manchurian lihluza izikhathi ezi-3 esikhathini esiyinyanga eyodwa kusukela enyangeni eyodwa ngemva kokuhlwanyela/ukutshala.
- Isifutho se-Foliar sika-3% we-Dasagavya esikhathini esiyizinsuku eziyi-10 kusukela enyangeni yokuqala emva kokutshala.
Izifo ezitholakala emhlabathini:
- Isicelo se I-Trichoderma viride @ 5 kg/ha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwendawo.
- Isicelo se I-Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 5 kg/ha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwendawo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Carrot:
25 – 30 amathani/ihektha ngezinsuku eziyi-100 – 120.
Ezokuthutha Nokumaketha:
Ingathuthwa ngamaloli iye ezimakethe zendawo.