Amaloli okuthutha adinga ukucutshungulwa ngezikhathi ezithile kanye noshintsho lukawoyela, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuthi isifutho se-boom sidinga ukuhlolwa okungenani kanye ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuba sikhishwe esibayeni singene emasimini ukuze sifuthele izinambuzane.
Izifutho kufanele zilinganiswe ukuze kutholwe izinga langempela abasebenzisa ngalo isibulala-zinambuzane, bese kwenziwa izinguquko, kusho u-Erdal Ozkan, uprofesa nochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe bokufutha eKolishi Lokudla, Ezolimo, Nezemvelo e-Ohio State University.
Ukufaka isibulala-zinambuzane esincane kakhulu kungase kungazinqobi ngokwanele izitha zomlimi ezikhasayo nezindizayo, futhi ukusebenzisa imali emoshayo eningi, kungase kulimaze isivuno futhi kwandise amathuba okungcolisa amanzi angaphansi, u-Ozkan wabonisa.
“Abantu abangakwazi ukuthi izifutho kwesinye isikhathi azifafazi inani abantu abacabanga ukuthi liyilo,” kusho u-Ozkan.
Njengoba imibhobho yesifafazi iguga, izinga lokugeleza kuzo liyakhula, ngakho-ke abalimi bangase basebenzise isibulala-zinambuzane esiningi kunalokho abakudingayo.
“Lokho kufana nokulahla ama-dollar angama-25 ku-$100 ngayinye umlimi ayichitha ekuthengeni izibulala-zinambuzane. Ngokuya ngezindleko zezibulala-zinambuzane, isibalo samahektare afafaziwe kanye nemvamisa yokufakwa kwayo, imali echithiwe ingaba sezinkulungwaneni,” kusho u-Ozkan.
Lokhu okungase kumoshelwe imali nezibulala-zinambuzane kungagwemeka uma izifutho zilinganiswa, esho.
Ngaphambi kokulinganisa isifutho se-boom, thola ukuthi ingabe wonke ama-nozzle asesimweni esihle futhi akanayo yini imfucumfucu noma uthuli. Uma zivalekile, zihlanze usebenzisa ibhulashi elithambile noma i-toothpick yokhuni — hhayi ummese noma enye into ebukhali. Bese, gcwalisa isifutho ngamanzi, vula iphampu bese uhlola izinga lokugeleza lombhobho ngamunye, ngengcindezi oyifunayo. Qhathanisa okukhiphayo kwenozi ngayinye nokuphumayo okulindelekile uma umlomo wombhobho usemusha kuleyo ngcindezi efanayo. Uma umehluko phakathi kwakho kokubili ungaphansi noma ungaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-10 okukhipha umlomo wombhobho omusha, lowo mbhobho udinga ukushintshwa.
Uma zonke izimbobo sezihloliwe futhi zahlanzwa noma zashintshwa, isifutho sesilungele ukulinganiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi sisebenzisa inani elifunekayo lesibulala-zinambuzane.
Ukulinganisa i-boom sprayer akunzima njengoba kuzwakala. Nakuba izindlela ezimbalwa zingasetshenziswa, u-Ozkan utusa lena elandelayo ayibheka njengelula futhi iwusizo kunezindlela eziningi:
- Gcwalisa ithangi lokufafaza okungenani ligcwale uhhafu ngamanzi.
- Qalisa isifutho, sihlole ukuthi asivuzi yini futhi uqiniseke ukuthi zonke izingxenye ezibalulekile zisebenza kahle.
- Linganisa ibanga ngamayintshi phakathi kwemibhobho.
- Linganisa ibanga elifanele lokuhamba ensimini ngokusekelwe kulesi sikhala somlomo womlomo. Amabanga afanelekile ezikhala ezihlukene zomlomo womlomo ami kanje: 408 amafidi esikhala esingamayintshi angu-10; 272 izinyawo ukuze uthole 15-intshi isikhala; Izinyawo ezingu-204 ukuze uthole isikhala esingama-intshi angu-20; Izinyawo ezingu-136 ngezikhala ezingama-intshi angu-30; kanye namafidi angu-102 ngesikhala esingamayintshi angu-40.
- Shayela ebangeni elilinganisiwe ensimini ngesivinini sakho esivamile sokufafaza futhi urekhode isikhathi sokuhamba ngemizuzwana. Phinda le nqubo bese ulinganisa izilinganiso zesikhathi ezimbili.
- Uma isifutho sipakiwe, sebenzisa isifutho ngezinga elifanayo lokucindezela bese ubamba okukhiphayo kubhobhozo ngayinye embizeni yokulinganisa ngesikhathi sohambo esidingekayo esinyathelweni sesi-5.
- Bala isilinganiso sokukhipha umlomo wombhobho ngokwengeza okuphumayo ngakunye bese uhlukanisa ngenani lemibhobho ehloliwe. Isilinganiso sokugcina sokukhipha umlomo wombhobho ngama-ounces silingana nezinga lokufaka isicelo ngamagaloni ihektare ngalinye. Isibonelo, uma ubamba isilinganiso sama-ounces angu-15 kusethi yamabhomu, izinga langempela lokufaka isifutho ngamalitha ayi-15 ihektha ngalinye.
- Qhathanisa inani langempela lesicelo nesilinganiso esinconyiwe noma esihlosiwe. Uma izinga langempela lingaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-5 ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kunezinga elinconyiwe noma elihlosiwe, kufanele wenze izinguquko kumfutho wesifutho, isivinini sokuhamba noma kokubili. Isibonelo, ukwandisa izinga lokugeleza, uzodinga ukuthi wehlise ijubane noma ukhuphule ingcindezi yesifutho. Okuphambene kuyiqiniso uma udinga ukunciphisa izinga lokufaka isicelo. Njengoba wenza lezi zinguquko, hlala ngaphakathi kwezimo ezifanele neziphephile zokusebenza zesifutho. Khumbula, ingcindezi eyengeziwe izoholela ekwandiseni inani lamaconsi amancane, ajwayele ukukhukhuleka.
- Phinda izinyathelo 5-8 ngenhla kuze kube isilinganiso sangempela sohlelo lokusebenza singaphakathi komehluko wamaphesenti angu-5 wezinga elihlosiwe.
Ukulinganisa isifutho kanye kuphela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokufafaza akwanele ukuthola isilinganiso esinembile sokufaka isicelo esingaphakathi kwamaphesenti angu-5 wezinga elifiswayo lokufaka isicelo. Isifafazi kufanele silinganiswe noma nini lapho umlimi esuka kwenye insimu eya kwenye enezimo zenhlabathi ezehlukene kanye/noma i-topography.
Ngezizathu zokuphepha, izifutho kufanele zilinganiswe kusetshenziswa amanzi ahlanzekile kuphela. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa izingubo zokuzivikela, amagilavu nezibuko lapho ulinganisa izifutho futhi ufaka izibulala-zinambuzane.
Abanye bangase baphikise ngokuthi ukulinganisa akudingekile uma isifafazi sinesilawuli sesilinganiso esizenzakalelayo, esizonikeza izinga lesicelo esimisiwe kungakhathaliseki izinguquko zejubane lokuhamba. Lokho kuyiqiniso kuphela uma ama-electronics kusilawuli sesilinganiso sisebenza kahle, u-Ozkan waveza.
Isilawuli sinquma isivinini sisebenzisa isibhamu se-radar, kunokuba silinganise ukuphenduka ngomzuzu wesondo. Isivinini sokujikeleza kwesondo sizoshintsha kuye ngesimo senhlabathi. Lapho inhlabathi ixega noma inhlabathi imanzi, amasondo angashelela, okungase kuholele esilinganisweni esinganembile sezinga okufakwa ngalo izibulala-zinambuzane.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokulinganisa isifutho, vakashela www.go.osu.edu/calibrateyoursprayer.
- Alayna DeMartini, Inyuvesi yase-Ohio State