#fertilizerindustry #greenhousegasemissions #climatechange #sustainableagriculture #net-zeroemissions #environmentalprotection
Imboni kamanyolo icwaninga ngenkuthalo futhi isebenzise izixazululo zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa, ukuvikela imvelo, ukukhuthaza ezolimo esimeme, kanye neqhaza ekuzibophezeleni kweVietnam ekufezeni ukukhishwa kwe-net-zero ngo-2050. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukubaluleka kokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa kwezolimo, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni kamanyolo, futhi idingida intuthuko nemiphumela yale mizamo.
Umkhiqizo wezolimo emhlabeni wonke uzokwehla ngo-50% ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kukamanyolo, kodwa cishe u-2.5% wengqikithi yokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ihlobene nokusetshenziswa kukamanyolo. Ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa kungenzeka ngokuqondile emisebenzini yezolimo njengokutshala nokuvuna, kanye nokungaqondile ekukhiqizeni nasekuthuthweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe nemikhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa kwezolimo, ikakhulukazi embonini kamanyolo, kubalulekile ekubhekaneni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngokusho kukaDkt. Phung Ha, iPhini likaSihlalo kanye noNobhala-Jikelele we-Vietnam Fertilizer Association, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni emkhakheni womanyolo kudinga izixazululo kokubili ekukhiqizeni nasekusetshenzisweni.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ngempumelelo ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa embonini kamanyolo, kudinga ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamazinga ahlukene kahulumeni, kusukela enkabeni yeziphathimandla kuya kuziphathimandla zasekhaya, kanye nokubandakanyeka kwabakhiqizi nabathengi. Ukuzibophezela okuqinile kukahulumeni waseVietnam ukufeza ukukhishwa kwe-net-zero ngonyaka wezi-2050, njengoba kwasho uNdunankulu eNgqungqutheleni ye-COP26, kunikeza iVietnam amathuba okuguqula izindlela zayo zomnotho, ithuthukise impilo yomphakathi, ivikele imvelo, futhi ikhuthaze intuthuko esimeme. Ngokuhambisana nezinjongo zikahulumeni, amabhizinisi kamanyolo akukhulise kakhulu ukuqwashisa kwawo kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa kwawo, okunomthelela ekuncishisweni kwesisi esingcolisa umoya kanye nokugqugquzelwa kwezolimo eziluhlaza.
Muva nje, ngo-March 28, uNdunankulu usayine Isinqumo No. 300/QD-TTg, egunyaza i-National Action Plan for Transparent, Responsible, and Sustainable Food System Transformation eVietnam ngo-2030. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukwandisa ingxenye yomhlaba wezolimo wezolimo. okungenani ifinyelele ku-2.5% wendawo yonke yezolimo, ngomanyolo wemvelo obala ngaphezu kwama-30% emakethe, okungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kwesamba ngo-2020. Mayelana nalokhu, ukuthuthukiswa komanyolo wesizukulwane esisha, umanyolo osebenza ngezinto eziningi izingxenye eziphilayo kanye namaminerali, yisisombululo esifanele ngokucabangela izimo zamanje zaseVietnam.
Izinkampani zikamanyolo, njenge-PVCFC (Ca Mau Fertilizer Company Limited), zibeke phambili ukukhiqizwa okusimeme futhi zehlisa ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo wamakhemikhali ukuze kuzuzwe izinhloso zazo zokunciphisa ukungcola. Basungule izixazululo ezibanzi zokuphatha izakhi besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili obufana ne-Bio-Coating, i-Humate, ama-biocomplexes, umanyolo okhipha kancane (i-CRF ne-SRF), kanye ne-BioMix. Le mikhiqizo kamanyolo ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezolimo, yandisa isivuno sezitshalo, ithuthukisa ukumelana nezifo, futhi ngasikhathi sinye inciphise ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa.
I-PVCFC, isibonelo, isebenzise ubuchwepheshe be-Bio-Coating ukukhiqiza umanyolo wemithamo ephansi njenge-N.46 Plus, N46. Iqiniso, i-N.46 Rich, ne-Urea Bio. Le mikhiqizo ivumela abalimi ukuthi basebenzise umanyolo omncane we-urea (kuze kuncishiswe ngo-15-20%) kuyilapho bezuza ukusebenza kahle komnotho kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa. Baphinde basebenzise izivundisi ezikhishwa okulawulwayo (i-CRF ne-SRF) ukuze bakhe imikhiqizo ekhishwa kancane noma ekhishwa okulawulwayo, enciphisa kakhulu ukungcola, ekhuthaza ukonga, futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kukamanyolo.
Ngokufanayo, i-Ha Bac Fertilizer and Chemicals Company (ilungu le-Vietnam Chemicals Corporation) isebenzise ezinye izisombululo kanye nemishini ethuthukisiwe ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokonga. Isibonelo, esikhundleni sesistimu yokuwasha yethusi edla amandla amandla kakhulu bafaka isistimu ye-methanol, okuholele ekongeni amandla angama-20%. Ukwengeza, ukwamukelwa kokugaywa kabusha kwamanzi ezindaweni zezimboni kuye kwadingeka.