Ukugwema ukulahlekelwa kwangemva kokuvuna empeleni kwehlela ekwazini ukuthi yiziphi izindlela okufanele zisetshenziswe, nokuthi yini okufanele uyigweme kuso sonke isixhumanisi ochungechungeni. Inselele, nokho, ukusebenzisa lolo lwazi.
Ngokuvumelana ne Angelos Deltsidis, okwamanje eNyuvesi yaseGeorgia futhi ngaphambili ne Inyuvesi yaseCalifornia-Davis Postharvest Technology Center, ikhwalithi yesithelo noma yemifino ayikaze ibe ngcono kunesikhathi sokuvuna - iyawohloka kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kuze kube yilapho ekugcineni ifa.
Ukuze unqobe ukulahlekelwa kwangemva kokuvuna, abalimi, abapakishi, abathumeli, nabathengisi kufanele bawine umjaho ngokuphikisana nesikhathi futhi basebenzise izinyathelo eziqinile zokuthola umkhiqizo epulazini - kanye nemfoloko yakho - kuyilapho uwugcina umusha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Lapha, i-Deltsidis inikeza izinkomba eziyisithupha ohlelweni lwangemva kokuvuna okuthi uma uziqasha, zingakusiza ugweme ukulahlekelwa kakhulu.
Hlola ukuvuthwa
Isinyathelo sokuqala senqubo yokuphatha ngemva kokuvuna ukuhlola ukuvuthwa - ufuna ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ukhetha isivuno esigabeni esifanele, futhi ufuna ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi abavuni baqeqeshiwe ekuhloleni ukuvuthwa. Kunezinsiza eziningi ku-inthanethi ezinikeza izinkomba zokuvuthwa ngolwazi oluthile lwesitshalo ngasinye oluchaza isigaba esifanele sokuvuna. Isibonelo, i-UC-Davis inamashidi obuchwepheshe anezithombe lokho bonisa izigaba zokuvuthwa ezihlukahlukene.
Hlola izinga lakho lamanzi
Hlola umthombo wakho wamanzi, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ayikhwalithi enhle kakhulu ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola izinga lamanzi njalo, usebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola ukuhlola okuqukethwe kwe-chlorine njll.
Uma unethangi olisebenzisa ukucwilisa umkhiqizo kulo, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola amanzi futhi uwashintshe njalo. Njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka futhi kungena umkhiqizo omningi uvela ensimini, amanzi angangcoliswa futhi asakazekele kwezinye izithelo. Ukuze uhlanze, sebenzisa i-sodium hydrochloride, i-bleach, i-hydrogen peroxide, i-peroxy acetic acid, noma i-ozone.
Konke lokhu kungasetshenziselwa izitshalo ezivamile noma eziphilayo. Ngale ndlela uqinisekisa ukuthi awudlulisi i-pathogen isuka kwesinye isithelo uye kwesinye. Udinga ukuwabulala ngokuphumelelayo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi noma yiziphi izilonda azivumeli ukungena kwamagciwane. Umphathi wendlu yokupakisha kufanele azi ngemuva kokuthi zingaki imithwalo amanzi okufanele ashintshwe. Uma kunomthwalo wekhwalithi embi, uzodinga ukushintsha amanzi ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho.
Hlola izinga lokushisa lakho lamanzi
Qiniseka ukuthi amanzi awabandi kakhulu. Uma umkhiqizo uvela ensimini, ungacofa amanzi apholile endaweni yokusika bese udala umonakalo wangaphakathi. Isibonelo, kwezinye izithelo kusetshenziswa amanzi abandayo kuzodala ukuthi amagciwane abolayo afakwe ngaphakathi esibazini sesiqu sesithelo kanye nezicubu ezingaphansi.
Njengoba isithelo siphola futhi izicubu zifinyela, kwakhiwa indawo engenalutho, okubangela ukuthi amanzi kanye nanoma yiziphi izinto ezingase zibe ne-pathogenic eziphilayo zilengiswe emanzini ukuze zidonswe emanxebeni amancane, ezimbotsheni, noma kwezinye izimbobo zemvelo esithelweni.
Gwema ukulimala
Uma unokusikeka noma ukuqhekeka esithelweni, kudala izindawo zokungena zama-microorganisms. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, qiniseka ukuthi imimese ibukhali, nokuthi abasebenzi bakho baqeqeshwe ngendlela efanele. Imimese akufanele ibukhali kuphela, kodwa kufanele ihlanzeke.
Lapho uthutha usuka ensimini uye endlini yokupakisha, qiniseka ukuthi awulayishi kakhulu iloli, ngoba izithelo ezingezansi zingacindezelwa.
Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi ulayisha ngobumnene umkhiqizo emalolini. Ungajikijeli noma uphonse umkhiqizo elolini. Lokhu kuzokusiza ugweme imihuzuko.
Gcina umkhiqizo Wakho upholile
Vuna ekuseni lapho kupholile, futhi qiniseka ukuthi ugcina izithelo zingangeni elangeni eliqondile. Ngemva kokuvuna, hambisa umkhiqizo endaweni yokucubungula ngokushesha, bese uhambisa isithelo endaweni epholile ngokushesha ngemva kokucubungula. Izinqubo zokwandisa izinga lokupholisa zihlanganisa ukupholisa komoya okuphoqelekile (ngaphakathi kwegumbi lokugcina), ukupholisa ngamanzi, kanye neqhwa (akunconyiwe njalo).
Isitoreji esifanele
Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokugcina ihlukile endaweni yokucubungula. Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo ihlanzwe ngendlela efanele, nokuthi ama-rack akude nezindonga ukuze uvumele ukuhlanzwa nokuhamba komoya.