#agriculture #fungalpathogen #wirstem #Rhizoctoniasolani #croprotation #certifiedseed #economiclosses #goodagriculturalpractices
I-Rhizoctonia solani, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-wirestem, isikhunta esithwala umhlabathi esithinta izitshalo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amazambane, ubhontshisi wesoya, ummbila, nokotini. Lesi sifo senzeka emhlabeni wonke futhi sinesibopho sokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho kwezolimo. Lesi sihloko sidingida ukuthuthukiswa kanye nemiphumela yesifo se-wirestem kanye nezinyathelo abalimi abangazithatha ukuze bakhulise isivuno sabo sezitshalo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Wirestem Disease
Isifo se-Wirestem sikhula emhlabathini futhi singaqhubeka iminyaka eminingana, okwenza kube nzima ukusilawula. Isikhunta singaphila emfucumfucwini yezitshalo noma emhlabathini futhi sithelele izitshalo ngezimpande noma izisekelo zesiqu. Lesi sifo singenzeka kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokukhula kwesitshalo kodwa sivame kakhulu phakathi nesigaba sezithombo. Izimpawu zesifo se-wirestem zihlanganisa izilonda ezinsundu esiqwini, ukushwabana nokukhula okumile. Izitshalo ezitheleleke kakhulu zingaholela ekufeni.
Imiphumela ye-Wirestem Disease
Isifo se-Wirestem singadala ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho kubalimi. Lesi sifo singabangela ukuncipha kwesivuno nekhwalithi, okuholela ekwehleni kwenzuzo. Ukwengeza, izindleko zokulawula lesi sifo zingakhula, kuhlanganise nezindleko zokubulala isikhunta kanye nomsebenzi wokutshala nokutshala kabusha izitshalo.
Izinyathelo Zokulawula Izifo Ze-Wirestem
Abalimi bangathatha izinyathelo ezimbalwa zokulawula isifo se-wirestem. Ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo kungenye yezinyathelo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Lesi sifo asikwazi ukuphila emhlabathini isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, ngakho izitshalo ezishintshayo zinganciphisa kakhulu izinga lesifo. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa imbewu eqinisekisiwe engenaso isifo nokusebenzisa imikhuba emihle yezolimo, njengokugwema umswakama ngokweqile, kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo.
Isifo se-Wirestem siyingozi enkulu kwezolimo, sibangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho kubalimi. Ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezinhle zokulima, besebenzisa imbewu eqinisekisiwe, kanye nezitshalo ezishintshayo, abalimi bangakwazi ukulawula lesi sifo futhi bakhulise isivuno sabo sezitshalo.