#Microplastics #Nanoplastics #Agriculture #EnvironmentalImpact #SustainableFarming #ResearchInitiative #CzechRepublic #MendelUniversity #CzechAcademyofSciences #TechnologicalInnovation
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-micro kanye ne-nanoplastics iye yaba yinto egxilwe kakhulu yokunaka emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokwemininingwane ye-UN, izilwandle zethu zinezinhlayiya ezincane zeplastiki ezingaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-50, izikhathi ezimangalisayo ezingama-500 kunezinkanyezi ezisemthaleni wethu. Nakuba ukuba khona kwama-microplastics emanzini kubhalwe kabanzi, idatha enembile iyashoda kwezinye izindawo. Abacwaningi be-Agronomic Faculty yaseMendel University eBrno, ngokubambisana nozakwabo baseCzech Academy of Sciences, baqale umkhankaso wokuhlola ukuthi izinhlayiya zepulasitiki zisakazeka kanjani kwezolimo.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-World Wildlife Fund lwembula ukuthi abantu badla cishe amagremu amahlanu ama-microplastics ngesonto, okulingana nobukhulu bekhadi lesikweletu. Umthelela ongaba khona wokungenisa okunjalo kwepulasitiki emzimbeni womuntu uhlala umbuzo obalulekile. Nakuba ama-microplastic amaningi aziwa ngokuthi aphelile, kuphakama ukukhathazeka ngokuphathelene nama-nanoplastics, angangena egazini futhi atholakale obisini lwebele nasebuchosheni bomuntu, njengoba kuqokonyiswe uPavel Horký we-Institute of Animal Nutrition and Forage Crops eMendel University.
Ithimba labacwaningi lika-Horký lihlose ukuthuthukisa inkundla yokuthola ukuze kuhlaziywe ubukhona bezinto ezincane kanye ne-nanoplastics ochungechungeni lokudla, kusukela enhlabathini nasezitshalweni kuya ezithweni zemfuyo kanye nemizimba yabantu okungenzeka. Iphrojekthi, eqalwe ngentwasahlobo edlule, njengamanje ihlaziya amasampula okuqala.
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwezilwane, abacwaningi bahlela ukuhlolwa kwe-greenhouse. I-Microplastic izosetshenziswa emhlabathini lapho izitshalo ezivame ukutshalwa njengommbila nokolweni zizotshalwa khona. Ucwaningo luzoqapha ukuthi amapulasitiki ahamba kanjani esuka enhlabathini aye ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zezitshalo.
Inhloso encane yale phrojekthi ibandakanya ukudwetshwa kwemephu ye-microplastics emhlabathini wezolimo eduze nezindawo zokulahla imfucuza kamasipala. Imiphumela evela kule ngxenye yocwaningo ilindeleke ngasekupheleni kwalo nyaka. Ukusebenzisana nezicelo ezingokoqobo kubalulekile kulo msebenzi, futhi esigabeni sokugcina, abacwaningi bazoqapha ngokuqondile ama-micro and nanoplastics emapulazini akhethiwe esifundeni sase-South Moravia naseVysočina e-Czech Republic.
Ithuluzi lokugcina lokuhlaziya elakhiwe abacwaningi lihlose ukunikezwa emkhakheni wezohwebo. Njengokuhlola kwamanje ama-mycotoxins noma ama-antibiotics, ukuqapha ubukhona be-microplastic kungase kube indinganiso, ikakhulukazi ekulimeni okuphilayo. Le ndlela ingathola ukusetshenziswa ngale kwezolimo, okungenzeka ekuphathweni kukahulumeni ngisho nasezicutshini zabantu.
Ama-Microplastics angena emvelweni ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: ama-microplastic ayinhloko, akhona endaweni njengezinhlayiya ezincane, ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu evela ekuwashweni kwezingubo zokwenziwa, futhi cishe amaphesenti angamashumi amathathu akha ngesikhathi sokuguga kwamasondo. Ukwengeza, ama-microplastics esibili avela ekuqhekekeni kwemikhiqizo emikhulu yepulasitiki njengezikhwama noma amabhodlela.
Le phrojekthi yocwaningo ehlanganyelwe ye-Mendel University kanye ne-Czech Academy of Sciences, egxile ekuqapheni ama-micro and nanoplastics, kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke kuze kube ngu-2025, isekelwa yi-Czech Republic's Technological Agency ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-Environmental for Life.
Isiphetho: Ucwaningo lwama-microplastic kwezolimo alugcini nje ngokunikeza ukukhanya ngezingozi ezingaba khona empilweni yomuntu kanye nemvelo kodwa futhi lugcizelela ukubaluleka kwezinqubo zokulima ezisimeme. Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka, kuba sobala ukuthi ukubhekana nenkinga ye-microplastic kudinga ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezemfundo, izimboni kanye nabakhi benqubomgomo. Abalimi kanye nababambiqhaza kwezolimo kumele bahlale benolwazi mayelana nemiphumela etholakalayo ukuze basebenzise izinqubo ezifaka isandla ekusaseni elinempilo nelisimeme.