U-anyanisi uyisithako esibalulekile ekudleni okuningi emhlabeni jikelele. Abadumile kuphela ngenxa yokunambitheka kwabo kodwa futhi nezinzuzo zabo zezempilo eziningi. Nokho, u-anyanisi ungenwa izifo ezihlukahlukene ezinganciphisa isivuno sawo, izinga kanye namandla okuwagcina. Njengomlimi noma umlimi, ukuqonda izifo ezinkulu zika-anyanisi kubalulekile ukuze uvimbele ukuvela kwazo futhi uzilawule ngempumelelo.
#Izifo zika-anyanisi #Izifo Ezivamile #Izi-anyanisiImpilo #Ukulima Ka-anyanisi #Izifo Zezitshalo #Izibulala-zinambuzane #CropRotation
Nazi ezinye zezifo ezivamile zika-anyanisi, izimpawu zazo, nendlela yokubhekana nazo:
- Isikhunta
Izimpawu: Amabala aphuzi aluhlaza emaqabunga aphenduka abe nsundu ngokunsomi njengoba isifo siqhubeka. Amaqabunga angase futhi ahlanekezelwe, futhi ukukhula okumhlophe oku-fluffy kungase kuvele ngaphansi kwamaqabunga.
Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa: Tshala izinhlobo ezimelana nezitshalo, gcina isikhala esifanele phakathi kwezitshalo, gwema ukuchelela phezulu, futhi wenze ukushintshanisa izitshalo. Ama-fungicides afana ne-copper-based noma i-phosphorus-based angasetshenziswa futhi ukuphatha lesi sifo.
- I-Botrytis leaf blight
Izimpawu: Lesi sifo siqala njengezilonda ezicwiliswe ngamanzi emaqabunga, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zibe mpunga zibe nsundu bese zoma. Amaqabunga athintekile angase futhi asonte futhi agoqe, futhi ama-bulb angase abole ngesikhathi sokugcinwa.
Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa: Izinhlobonhlobo ezimelana nezitshalo, gcina umoya ofanele futhi ugweme amazinga aphezulu omswakama. Ama-fungicides afana ne-chlorothalonil ne-mancozeb nawo angasetshenziswa ukuphatha lesi sifo.
- I-Fusarium basal ukubola
Izimpawu: Lesi sifo sithinta i-basal plate ka-anyanisi, okwenza ukuthi uthambe, ube namanzi, futhi ushintshe umbala. Izimpande zingase futhi zibole, okuholela ekubuneni kwamaqabunga.
Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa: Tshala izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo, gwema ukutshala emhlabathini ongakhami kahle, futhi wenze ukushintshanisa izitshalo. Ama-fungicides afana ne-thiophanate-methyl ne-azoxystrobin nawo angasetshenziswa ukuphatha lesi sifo.
- Anyanisi smut
Izimpawu: Lesi sifo sibonakala simnyama, siyimpuphu emaqabunga, iziqu, nama-bulb. Ama-bulb angenwe yileli gciwane angase akhinyabezeke futhi akhubazeke, futhi amaqabunga angase abe phuzi futhi ome.
Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa: Tshala izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo, gwema ukutshala izigaxa ezinegciwane noma enhlabathini ethelelekile, futhi wenze ukushintshanisa izitshalo. Ama-fungicides afana ne-copper-based angasetshenziswa ukuphatha lesi sifo.
Sengiphetha, ukuvimbela nokuphatha izifo ezinkulu zika-anyanisi kudinga inhlanganisela yezinyathelo ezifana nokutshala izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo, ukuhlukaniswa kwezikhala ezifanele kanye nokungena komoya, ukushintshanisa izitshalo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokubulala isikhunta. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha nakho kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwezifo. Ngokuqonda nokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo, abalimi kanye nabalimi bangaqinisekisa isitshalo sika-anyanisi esinempilo esithela izithelo nezinga eliphezulu.