Ingabe ikhompuyutha “inganambitha” utamatisi noma amajikijolo? Hhayi-ke, kodwa ingatshela ososayensi ukuthi yikuphi ukuguquguquka kulezi zithelo okubenza banambithe, kusho abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseFlorida.
Umfuyi waseNyuvesi yaseFlorida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) kanye nesazi sofuzo uMarcio Resende ufuna ukwakha lokho akubiza ngokuthi “I-Artificial Intelligence Connoisseur,” imodeli etshela abacwaningi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali - okungukuthi, ama-volatile, ushukela, ama-acids nezinye izinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali - zikhiqiza ukunambitheka kwezithelo ezinhle kakhulu.
Ukuze bathole ukuthi isithelo noma imifino ikufanele yini ukukhuliswa, ososayensi benza isampula yesitshalo ukuze bathole ukunambitha futhi bazihogele, bedlula emasimini futhi bekha umkhiqizo ngamunye.
Lezi zinqubo zingakwethula izinkinga zokwenziwa komsebenzi, kusho u-Harry Klee, uprofesa we-UF/IFAS wezesayensi yezolimo kanye nombhali ohlangene we-. isifundo esisha ebheka ukuthi amamodeli wekhompyutha angasebenzisa kanjani ama-volatiles ukukala ukunambitheka kwezithelo.
“Ngenxa yezindleko nemikhawulo yezinhlelo zokusebenza, abalimi abavamile abawasebenzisi amaphaneli abathengi ezinhlelweni zabo,” kusho uKlee. “Okuhle kungaba ukusebenzisa iphaneli enkulu yabathengi ehlanganisa isethi ehlukahlukene yabathengi abangaba abathengi. Sisebenzisa abantu abayi-100, okuhlanganisa iminyaka eminingi nobuhlanga. Le ndlela imele kakhulu inani labantu abathengi. ”
Iminyaka eminingi, abalimi bezitshalo kanye nezazi zezakhi zofuzo basize abalimi ukuthi bavune isivuno esiphezulu ngoba izici ezigxile kubathengi ezifana ne-flavour kunzima ukuzilinganisa. Kodwa-ke, isivuno esiphezulu akwanele kubakhiqizi ukuthi baqhudelane ezimakethe ezifuna kakhulu namuhla, kusho uPatricio Muñoz, uprofesa we-UF/IFAS wesayensi yezokulima ophethe uhlelo lokuzalanisa ama-blueberry.
Abakhiqizi bayazi ukuthi uma bengafaki izinhlobo ezinambithekayo, izithelo zabo zingase zingadayisi ngentengo enhle noma zithengiswe nhlobo, kusho u-Muñoz. Ngalezi zindlela, ososayensi banethemba lokusiza abakhiqizi bahlale bencintisana futhi abathengi babe nolwazi olungcono ngomkhiqizo wabo.
Ngokusebenzisa la mamodeli, uhlelo lokuzalanisa lungahlola izilinganiso zokunambitheka kwezinhlobo eziningi zezithelo nemifino. Le nqubo phambilini yayinqunyelwe iqiniso lokuthi ososayensi noma amaphaneli abathengi abakwazi ukuhlola izinhlobo eziningi kakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
U-Resende uhole ucwaningo olusha olubonisa izindlela zokuthola idatha kusuka ekuguquguqukeni kwama-blueberries notamatisi ibe imodeli yezibalo. Okutholakele ocwaningweni manje sekukhawulelwe kulezo zithelo ezimbili kodwa kamuva kuzonwetshwa kwezinye izitshalo ezithuthukiswa abacwaningi be-UF/IFAS.
Ukuze benze ucwaningo lwabo olusha, abacwaningi be-UF/IFAS basebenzise idatha yohlelo lokuzalanisa utamatisi namablueberry kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.
Banikeze isethi ehlukahlukene yezinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi namajikijolo kumaphaneli abathengi I-UF Sensory Lab e-Gainesville. Ososayensi babe sebeqoqa izilinganiso kuzimpawu zokunambitheka ezifana “nokuthanda,” ubumnandi, ubumuncu, ukuqina kwe-flavour kanye ne-umami.
Abacwaningi be-UF/IFAS bahlole ibanga lezikolo ezibatshela ukuthi umthengi uthanda kangakanani ukunambitheka. Njengoba kuvela, ama-volatile achaza kuze kufike ku-56% wezikolo "ezifana", okuqinisa ubufakazi bokuthi ama-volatiles abalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi abathengi bathanda kangakanani isithelo. Ama-Volatiles nawo abalulekile ekulinganiseni nasekulinganiseni ukubaluleka kwe-flavour yezithelo, kusho u-Resende.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi babonise ukuthi izindlela zokufunda ngomshini ngokuvamile ziyizibikezelo ezingcono kakhulu zezintandokazi zokunambitheka kwabathengi, okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhetha kwe-metabolomic. Ukunemba kokukhethwa kwe-metabolic kuphakeme kunamamodeli asebenzisa idatha ye-genomic esikhundleni salokho, okugqamisa amandla ale ndlela entsha ekusetshenzisweni kokuzalanisa.
"Ngicabanga ukuthi iphuzu eliyinhloko ukuthi abalimi bangakwazi ukuhlola inani elikhulu lamasampuli," kusho u-Resende, uprofesa osizayo we-UF/IFAS wesayensi yezolimo. Ngale ndlela, unefaneli ebanzi yokuhlonza izinhlobo ezinambithekayo, futhi ngesinye isikhathi, amaphaneli okuhlola ukunambitheka enza ukukhetha kokugcina ngedatha yezinzwa. Silindele ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zizovumela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-flavour ngaphambili njengendawo okuhloswe ngayo ukuzalanisa futhi kukhuthaze ukukhethwa nokukhishwa kwezinhlobo zezithelo ezinokunambitheka okwengeziwe. "
Ngaphezu kwe-Resende, efakwe phakathi kolunye ubuhlakani be-UF/IFAS abaphenya indlela yemodeli yekhompiyutha yokuhlola ukunambitheka kwakungu-Klee, Muñoz noDenise Tieman, uprofesa osiza ucwaningo - bobathathu emnyangweni wesayensi yezolimo; UCharlie Sims, uprofesa wesayensi yokudla kanye nokudla komuntu kanye no-Nikolay Bliznyuk, uprofesa ohlangene kwezobunjiniyela bezolimo kanye nemvelo. Umsebenzi uphinde wabhalwa okokuqala ngabakwaPh.D. umfundi uVincent Colantonio kanye Nomsizi Wocwaningo Usosayensi uLuís Felipe Ferrão.
Chofoza ngezansi ukuze uthole ividiyo lapho u-Resende echaza lolu cwaningo olusha lwe-AI.
- Brad Buck, University of Florida