Kuhlelelwe ukwaba ama-ruble angaphezu kwezigidigidi ezi-3 ukuze isetshenziswe phakathi neminyaka eyisithupha.
Manje cishe i-80% yendawo ehlwanyelwe igcwele ama-hybrids angenisiwe wezitshalo zemifino.
UMnyango Wezolimo, ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-Federal Scientific and Technical Programme (FSTP) Yokuthuthukiswa Kwezolimo ngo-2017-2030, kanye noMnyango Wezemfundo Nesayensi kanye ne-Russian Academy of Sciences, wenze uhlelo oluncane " ukukhetha nokukhiqizwa kwembewu yezitshalo zemifino.” Umthetho kahulumeni osalungiswa mayelana nokufakwa kwawo ku-FSTP uthunyelwe kuphothali yezenzo zomthetho zokulawula okusalungiswa. Lolu hlelo oluncane luhloselwe ukudala nokwethula izinhlobo zasekhaya ezincintisanayo kanye nenhlanganisela yezitshalo zemifino, kanye nobuchwepheshe obusekelwe ezimpumelelweni zakamuva zesayensi, kusho inothi elichazayo kulo mbhalo.
Isidingo sonyaka sabantu bezwe semifino emisha silinganiselwa kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-18.3, ukushoda kwemikhiqizo yasekhaya yi-19.8% futhi kunxeshezelwa ngokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwemifino kungu-22.9% ngaphansi kwesimiso, abalobi bombhalo abalwe.
Incwadi echazayo ithi ingxenye enkulu ezitshalweni zemifino ithathwa utamatisi (16%), iklabishi (15%), u-anyanisi (11.9%), izaqathe (9%) kanye nokhukhamba (7.8%). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uMnyango Wezolimo uphawula ukwanda kwesivuno semifino yesethi "borscht". Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule, isilinganiso sesivuno seklabishi sikhuphuke sisuka ku-230 c/ha saya ku-344 c/ha, ama-beet - sisuka ku-180 c/ha saya ku-243 c/ha, izaqathi - sisuka ku-186 c/ha saya ku-298 c/ ha, u-anyanisi - kusuka ku-174 c/ha kuya ku-285 c/ha. “Izici eziyinhloko zokwandisa isivuno kwakuwukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezithela kakhulu kanye nengxube yezitshalo zemifino, ikakhulukazi ezikhethwe kwamanye amazwe, kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obujulile bokukhiqiza imifino endaweni evulekile nevikelekile. Kodwa-ke, isivuno sezitshalo zemifino eRussia siphansi kakhulu kunasemazweni athuthukile omhlaba, "ababhali balolu hlelo oluncane bayavuma, becacisa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-80 wendawo ehlwanyelwe ithathwa yizinzalo ezivela kwamanye amazwe zezitshalo zemifino.
Ukuncintisana okuphansi kokuzalanisa kwasekhaya kungenxa yokwethulwa kancane kwezinhlobo ezintsha nezinhlobonhlobo, ukungathuthuki kahle noma ukuntuleka kwengqalasizinda edingekayo yemakethe yembewu nempahla yokutshala, izinkinga zokuvikelwa kwamalungelo okushicilela kanye namalungelo abanikazi bamalungelo obunikazi, kanye nokwenyama okuphelelwe yisikhathi. kanye nesisekelo sokuziphatha sobuchwepheshe bomsebenzi wokuzalanisa nokukhiqizwa kwembewu, kusho inothi elichazayo. Uhlelo oluncane lwe-FNTP luklanyelwe ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga.
Uhlelo oluncane luqukethe izinkomba eziqondiwe zenani lemiphumela ebhalisiwe yomsebenzi wobuhlakani, inani lamaqoqo ezinhlobonhlobo kanye nenhlanganisela yezitshalo zemifino, izinhlangano ezidale ukuhlukana kwesayensi kule ndawo, njll. Ikakhulukazi, lo mbhalo uphathelene nezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha zikatamatisi, ikhukhamba, isitshalo seqanda, pepper, izaqathe kanye neminye imifino. Lolu hlelo oluncane luhlelelwe ukuthi luqaliswe ngosizo lwemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe. Ukugcizelelwa okuyinhloko kuzobekwa phezu kwesibopho samakhasimende wephrojekthi wokwethulwa kwezinhlobo ezintsha nezinhlobonhlobo, kanye nobuchwepheshe, emkhiqizweni wezimboni. Isabelo sembewu yama-hybrids amasha ancintisanayo enanini eliphelele lembewu ehlwanyelwe yezinhlobonhlobo nama-hybrids ngenxa yokuqaliswa kwalolu hlelo oluncane kufanele isuke ku-15% iye ku-50%, kuye ngesitshalo.
Uhlelo oluncane lwenzelwe i-2024-2030, luhlelelwe ukwaba ama-ruble angaphezu kwezigidigidi ezi-3 ukuze lusetshenziswe. kusukela kusabelomali sombuso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlaka lwesinqumo luphawula ukuthi inani lesabelomali lesabelomali lizocaciswa lapho kusatshalaliswa kabusha izimali zesabelomali sombuso esihlinzekelwe ukuqaliswa koHlelo Lombuso, kanye nemali eyengeziwe evela ezikhungweni zezolimo nezimboni zokudoba.