Ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokulondoloza, ukuhlolwa kwesikhunta kwisanqante okuvela kumkhiqizi womkhiqizo i-BASF kukhombisa ukuthi abalimi bezaqathi banenketho yokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesitoreji sabo. Icala lenziwa eFlevoland ngonyaka odlule.
I-BASF iqale yaqhathanisa izibulala-sikhunta ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nemikhiqizo yayo i-Signum, i-Scala ne-Dagonis SC. Lokhu kwenziwa ohlelweni lokuguquguquka kanye nakumashejuli amaningi lapho izinsiza zishintshaniswa njengoba kwenzeka. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhunta kwenziwa ngezinhlobonhlobo ze-Nerac ezindaweni ezisebenzayo e-Dronten nase-Marknesse.
Uchwepheshe wezobuchwepheshe uKick van Saarloos uchaze ngemiphumela yocwaningo kuleli sonto. Ukuze asekele indaba yakhe, waqoqa izaqathi ezihlungiwe ezinesikhunta kumasampula okugcina. Izinga lokwehluleka kwezinto ezilashwayo ngemva kwezinyanga ezinhlanu zokugcinwa liyehluka kakhulu kuye ngamashejuli okwelashwa kanye nomfutho wesifo.
Umfutho wesikhunta esiphezulu
Icala le-BASF eDronten lakhiwa ngo-2020 esakhiweni esinomfutho ophakeme wokukhutha. Esizeni sokuzilolonga eMarknesse, amahlamvu angenwa yi-alternaria ngesikhathi sokukhula. Kuzo zombili izivivinyo i-BASF yaqhathanisa, phakathi kokunye, imikhiqizo yayo nesibulala-sikhunta esijwayelekile.
Izifutho ezine ze-fungicides zenziwe kuzo zonke izinto ezilashiwe. Ukulawulwa kwesikhunta kwaqala ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi. Kamuva, kusetshenziswe isikhawu esicishe sibe amasonto amabili nesigamu ohlelweni. Ukufafaza kokugcina kwenzeka maphakathi no-September.
Ukuhlolwa kwenkundla kukhombisa ukuthi i-Signum ne-Dagonis SC kanye ne-Signum ihlanganiswe ne-Scala inomphumela omuhle kakhulu kukho kokubili isikhutha kanye ne-alternaria. UVan Saarloos ukhombisa ngesisekelo samashidi ukuthi umphumela wokukhunta ongamaphesenti angama-98 unqunywe ku-Dagonis SC, ku-Signum efuthwe ngento yokumanzisa engamaphesenti angama-95.
Umphumela ku-alternaria
Esimeni sokutheleleka kwe-alternaria esindayo, uhlelo olune-Signum ephindwe kabili ene-ejenti yokumanzisa elandelwa yi-Scala ephindwe kabili ene-ejenti yokumanzisa ukuze kuzuzwe amaphesenti okusebenza amaphesenti angama-80. Kulolu cwaningo olwenziwa yi-BASF, isibulala-sikhunta esijwayelekile sihlala sinomphumela wamaphesenti angama-64.
'Umphumela omuhle kusikhunta ubonakala nasezivunweni zehektha ensimini,' kusho u-Van Saarloos. 'Uma kuqhathaniswa nokungalashwa, sibala isivuno esengeziwe samaphesenti angama-22 wezinto ezine-Signum ne-Scala kanye nezinto ezine-Dagonis SC kanye ne-Scala. Kulolu cwaningo, lokhu kuphinde kwasho ukuthi singavuna izaqathi ezingamathani angama-22 ehektheleni elilodwa. '
Ukuhlaziywa kwakamuva kwamasampula okugcina kubonisa ukuthi ngemva kwezinyanga ezinhlanu ngaphambi kwecala e-Dronten, iphesenti lokuyeka liyehluka ukusuka kumaphesenti angu-9.8 kuya kumaphesenti angu-22.7. Izaqathi ezivela endaweni yecala e-Marknesse zinamandla endaweni yokugcina. Lapha into engcono kakhulu ithola izinga lokuhluleka kwesitoreji ngamaphesenti angu-2.4 futhi entweni engasebenzi kahle, i-BASF ibhala izinga lokuhluleka elingamaphesenti angu-6.3.
Kungcono kune-fungicide ejwayelekile
U-Van Saarloos: 'Amasampuli angcono kakhulu okugcina aphathwe nge-Signum kanye ne-Scala. Izinto ezine-Dagonis SC zinokuhluleka okuthe xaxa, kodwa zisasebenza kangcono kakhulu kune-fungicide ejwayelekile. ' Ngokochwepheshe bezaqathi be-BASF, izimpande ezikhuntile ikakhulukazi ziqukethe i-botrytis ne-sclerotinia.
Uphethe ngokuthi imikhiqizo efana ne-Signum ne-Scala e-carrots inikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu yokulawula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Van Saarloos ubona i-Dagonis SC njengenye indlela enhle. 'Lesi sibulala-sikhunta sinomthelela omkhulu ezifweni zesikhunta ezitshalweni eziningi zemifino. Inzuzo eyengeziwe inani eliphansi lezinto ezisebenzayo ezifuthwa ngehektha ngalinye. Lokho kwenza umkhiqizo uhehe, isibonelo, ukulinywa ngokwemibandela ye-PlanetProof. '
E-Brassicas, izifo eziyinhloko i-Alternaria, indawo eyindandatho kanye ne-Botrytis. Ukumelana kuyinkinga yangempela ngakho-ke abalimi bayanxuswa ukuthi basebenzise ama-fungicides amaningi anezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwenza. Isiginali (i-boscalid ne-pyraclostrobin) inesikhundla esiqinile kulo mkhakha (i-Brassicas kanye nezaqathi ikakhulukazi) ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo obanzi kanye nendlela yayo yokusebenza ehlukile.