Izitshalo ezikhethekile zihlanganisa izithelo, imifino, amantongomane esihlahla, izithelo ezomisiwe, nezitshalo zasenkulisa. Njengoba ibhekene nokushoda kwezisebenzi, ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke, isidingo sekhwalithi ephezulu, nokukhathazeka mayelana nemithelela yemvelo, imboni yezitshalo ezikhethekile ifuna ngokushesha izisetshenziswa ezizenzakalelayo ukuze zisize ngokukhula, ukuvuna, ukuphatha nokucubungula. Abacwaningi basemanyuvesi anikezwa umhlaba ezifundazweni eziningi basebenza ndawonye ukuze bakhe amasistimu azenzakalelayo asebenza kahle ezitshalweni ezikhethekile. Ngale ndlela yokuhlanganyela, umthwalo wezindleko zocwaningo nentuthuko uyasuswa emkhakheni owodwa wezitshalo ezikhethekile futhi kunentuthuko enkulu eyenziwayo. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, abacwaningi bahlonze amapharamitha angukhiye ahlobene nokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo okukhethekile futhi bathuthukisa izinzwa ukuze bathole futhi balinganise la mapharamitha. Abacwaningi baklame amadivaysi emishini futhi babambisana nabakhiqizi nabalimi ukuze bahwebe futhi basebenzise ubuchwepheshe obusha. I-Automation isiza imboni yezitshalo ezikhethekile ukunqoba ukushoda kwezisebenzi, yenza izinqumo zokuphatha ngobuhlakani, ilondoloze izinsiza futhi ihlangabezane nesidingo esikhulayo. Le ntuthuko iholela ekongeni okukhulu kwabalimi nabathengi kanye nokusimama okuthuthukisiwe kwemboni
Amadivayisi azenzakalelayo asiza abalimi ukwenza imephu yesivuno sezithelo futhi babone ukuthi zikhona yini izinkinga nokuthi zikuphi, ukuze bakwazi ukwenza izinqumo eziqondiwe, ezisebenzayo zokuphatha. Izilinganiso ezinembile zesivuno nazo zibalulekile ezinqumweni zokumaketha. Idatha mayelana nendawo yezithelo kanye ne-geometry yamagatsha esihlahla isetshenziselwa ukuhlela imishini yokuvuna izinsimu zezithelo.
• Inyuvesi yaseFlorida yakha irobhothi elizimele elibala futhi lifake imephu isithelo ezihlahleni zewolintshi.
• Abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseCalifornia-Davis bakha izikhwama zokukha izithelo nezinqola ngamathuluzi afaka imephu yezithelo zezithelo.
Ukutholwa kwezifo okuzenzakalelayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuphatha kunganciphisa ukulahleka kwezitshalo zezithelo.
• Izibulala-zinambuzane zidala izigidi zamadola ekulahlekeni kwezitshalo okungahlosiwe lapho amaconsi okufutha ekhukhuleka ezitshalweni ezingahlosiwe. Umsebenzi weNyuvesi yase-Iowa State uqondisa ukwenziwa kobuchwepheshe obunciphisa ukukhukhuleka.
• Abalimi bewolintshi basebenzisa umshini wokwelapha ukushisa oklanywe ososayensi baseNyuvesi yaseFlorida ezihlahleni ezingaphezu kuka-80,000 ukuze balawule ukuqhubeka kokutshala kwewolintshi.
• IYunivesithi yaseWashington State yenza izimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu ukuze zinqande izinyoni ezidla futhi zilimaze izitshalo zezithelo.
• Inqubo yokuvalela ezenzakalelayo ebiza kancane ivimbela ukusabalala kwe-coffee berry borer e-Hawaii, yehlisa ukulahlekelwa, futhi ivumela abalimi ukuthi bathumele ikhofi ezimakethe ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi kanye nezivakashi.
• Imishini ephathwa ngesandla eklanywe iNyuvesi yaseHawaii inika abalimi bekhofi indlela eshibhile yokubona ukucindezeleka kwamanzi amaqabunga.
Ukubona ingcindezi kuvumela abalimi ukuthi bakhulise ukuchelela futhi baqinisekise ukuthi izihlahla ziyaqhakaza ngesikhathi esisodwa, okwenza ukuvuna kuphumelele. Ukukhiqizwa ngemishini nokuvuna kungavimbela ukulimala ngenxa yomsebenzi wezandla futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokuvuna kanye nezindleko kubalimi.
• I-60% yemboni yokucubungula utamatisi isebenzise imishini eklanywe yi-University of California-Davis ukuhlola ijusi katamatisi. Ngesizini eyodwa, imishini isusa izingozi zokunyakaza eziphindaphindayo ezingaphezu kuka-200,000 zabasebenzi.
• Abalimi bathi indlela entsha yokuthena enconywe i-Pennsylvania State University Extension ingase inciphise isikhathi sokuthena ngo-42% futhi yonge cishe u-$136 ihektare.
• Abacwaningi basePennsylvania State University baklame idivayisi yokusiza ukuvuna esusa ukuwa kwesitebhisi futhi yanciphisa isikhathi abakhi bama-apula abasichitha besesimweni esingesihle, esiyingozi sisuka ku-65% siye ku-43% wesikhathi sokukha. Idivayisi iphinde yenyusa inani lama-apula avunwa ngomzuzwana ngo-50%.
• Ososayensi baseWashington State University baklame umshini wokusonta irobhothi wama-hops, ozonciphisa izidingo zabasebenzi kanye nezindleko.
• Abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseGeorgia bahlola ubuchwepheshe obuzenzakalelayo obuthengekayo obuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvuna amajikijolo, okusiza ukunqoba ukushoda kwezisebenzi kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi.
• Ukukhipha ukhula ngomshini kunciphisa isidingo somsebenzi wezandla omba eqolo namakhemikhali, angalimaza imvelo nempilo yabantu. Inyuvesi yase-Arizona kanye neNyuvesi yaseCalifornia-Davis ikhombise ukuthi imishini yokukhipha ukhula emigqeni ezenzakalelayo inciphisa izidingo zabasebenzi ngama-30%.
I-automation isiza abalimi ukuthi balondoloze izinsiza, bonge imali, futhi banciphise ukukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa.
• Ngokusebenzisa ama-dehumidifiers azenzakalelayo, abalimi bekhofi baseHawaii kanye nabatshali bakashokoledi basebenzisa amandla amancane ukomisa umkhiqizo.
• Abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseKentucky babonise i-autonomous diesel/electric hybrid tractor.
• Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi izinhlelo zokukhula kwerobhothi ezizenzakalelayo zisebenza kahle emazingeni aphansi kakhulu wamandla kunalokho obekucatshangwa ngaphambilini.
Ubuchwepheshe obuzenzakalelayo busiza ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokwaneliseka komthengi.
• I-Michigan State University kanye neNyuvesi yaseCalifornia-Davis bathuthukise ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa obukwazi ukubona amaphutha angaphakathi nangaphandle, njengokubona imibala kanye nezinhlelo ze-spectroscopy eziveza ngokuzenzakalelayo ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo omusha.
• Abacwaningi benza uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo oluthengekayo olukhomba ngokunembile utamatisi ovuthiwe ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa, okuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo inokunambitheka okuphakeme kanye ne-lycopene.
• Isidingo se-kava siyakhula. Abacwaningi baklame isistimu eyenziwe ngomshini ekhipha ukudla okwengeziwe okungu-900% kwe-kava ngesitshalo ngasinye.
• Idatha yezinzwa ibonise indlela yokuzalanisa amajikijolo aluhlaza angavunwa ngomshini ngaphandle kokulimala.
Le phrojekthi, i-W2009: I-Integrated Systems Research and Development in Automation and Sensors for Sustainability of Specialty Crops (2013-2018), ixhaswe ngokwengxenye yi-Multi-state Research Fund nge-USDA-NIFA kanye nezibonelelo kumalungu ephrojekthi kulokhu okulandelayo. izikhungo: University of Arizona, Auburn University, University of California-Davis, Colorado State University, University of Florida, University of Georgia, University of Hawaii, Iowa State University, University of Kentucky, Michigan State University, Mississippi State University, Oklahoma State University , Oregon State University, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania Cooperative Extension, Texas AgriLife Research, Washington State University, Washington Cooperative Extension, kanye ne-West Virginia University. Funda kabanzi: bit.ly/W-2009