#SavingCrucifers #BlackRotDisease #XanthomonasCampestris #DiseasePrevention #CropRotation #DiseaseResistantVarieties #Sanitation
I-Crucifers, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Brassicaceae, iwumndeni wemifino ehlanganisa i-broccoli, i-cauliflower, iklabishi, ne-kale, phakathi kwabanye. Ngeshwa, lo mndeni wemifino ungenwa yisifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-black rot, esibangelwa i-bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. Ukubola okumnyama kungacekela phansi izitshalo zonke, kubangele ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho kubalimi futhi kunciphise ukutholakala kwezinketho zokudla okunempilo kubathengi. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izimbangela nemiphumela yesifo sokubola okumnyama futhi sixoxe ngamasu okuvimbela ukusakazeka kwaso.
Isifo se-black rot sibangelwa i-Xanthomonas campestris, ibhaktheriya elikwazi ukuphila emhlabathini kanye nemfucumfucu yezitshalo iminyaka eminingana. I-bacterium ingena esitshalweni ngamanxeba noma ukuvuleka kwemvelo, njenge-stomata, futhi iqala ukuhlanganisa izicubu. Izimpawu zokubola okumnyama zihlanganisa ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga, izilonda ezimise okuka-V emaqabunga, kanye nemigqa emnyama eziqwini. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, izicubu ezinamagciwane ziyathamba futhi zibe namafinyila, futhi lesi sitshalo singase sife ekugcineni.
Ukubola okumnyama kungasakazeka ngokushesha ngesitshalo, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimo ezifudumele nezinomswakama. Lesi sifo singasakazwa ngomoya, amanzi, noma imfucumfucu yezitshalo ezinegciwane, okwenza kube nzima ukusilawula uma sesikhona. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela zibalulekile ekulawuleni isifo sokubola okumnyama. Ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo, ukutshala izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo, nokugwema ukuchelela ngenkasa konke kungasiza ekwehliseni ingozi yokutheleleka. Ukwengeza, abalimi kufanele bazijwayeze ukukhucululwa kwendle ngokususa nokucekela phansi impahla yezitshalo ethelelekile kanye namathuluzi okubulala amagciwane kanye nempahla phakathi kokusetshenziswa.
Uma isifo se-black rot siyekwa singalawulwa, singaba nemiphumela emibi kubalimi nakubathengi. Abalimi bangase balahlekelwe kakhulu ngesivuno kanye nekhwalithi, kuyilapho abathengi bangase babhekane namanani aphezulu kanye nokuncipha kokutholakala kwemifino e-cruciferous. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ukulawula lesi sifo kungaba nomthelela omubi kwezemvelo, okwenza ukuvimbela kube inkambo engcono kakhulu yesenzo.
Isifo sokubola okumnyama esibangelwa i-Xanthomonas campestris siyingozi enkulu emifino ye-cruciferous. Nokho, ngezinyathelo ezifanele zokuvimbela, njengokushintshanisa izitshalo, izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo, nezinqubo ezinhle zokukhucululwa kwendle, abalimi banganciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka futhi bavikele izitshalo zabo. Ngokuthatha isinyathelo sokuvimbela isifo sokubola okumnyama, singaqinisekisa ukutholakala kwemifino ye-cruciferous enempilo, ethengekayo iminyaka eminingi ezayo.