#AgriculturalInnovation #WaterConservation #SustainableAgriculture #UzbekistanAgriculture #IrrigationModernization #EnvironmentalSustainability
E-Uzbekistan, ezolimo zibhekene nenselelo enkulu: Amaphesenti angama-36 amanzi ezwe alahleka emiseleni yobumba, nokulahlekelwa okwengeziwe ngenxa yezindlela zokunisela eziphelelwe yisikhathi. UMongameli Shavkat Mirziyoyev ugcizelela ukuphuthuma kwezindaba zemithombo yamanzi, egqamisa isidingo sokwenziwa kwesimanjemanje. Lesi sihloko sicubungula idatha yakamuva, imizamo kahulumeni, nezixazululo zokuguqula isimo sezolimo sase-Uzbekistan.
Imboni yezolimo yase-Uzbekistan imi empambana-mgwaqo, ibhekene nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwamanzi nezindlela zokunisela zakudala. Ngonyaka odlule kuphela, isizwe sasebenzisa amanzi angama-cubic metres angu-39 billion, okuyinani elimangalisayo ezweni lapho ezolimo zisebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile angaphezu kwama-90%. Ngokushaqisayo, ama-36% alo mthombo obalulekile, olingana nama-cubic metres ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-14, alahleka emiseleni yobumba nemisele, njengoba kubikwe uMongameli uShavkat Mirziyoyev. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwamoshwa enye i-cubic metres eyizigidigidi ezi-5-6 ngenxa yezindlela zokuchelela eziphelelwe yisikhathi, okudwetshwe isithombe esibi sokungasebenzi kahle kanye nobunzima bemvelo.
Ukukhathazeka kukaMengameli kunesisekelo esiqinile. Izinqubo zokunisela eziphelelwe yisikhathi ziyaqhubeka ku-70% wezindawo zokulima zase-Uzbekistan, okuholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu. Ukubeka lokhu kucace, amahektha ayizigidi ezi-2.5 omhlaba adinga amaphampu angama-5000 ngonyaka, asebenzisa amahora we-kilowatt-hora we-7 billion. Kodwa-ke, ama-80% alawa maphampu ashaqisayo esedlule isikhathi sawo sokusebenza, asebenza iminyaka engama-35-40 futhi abe nesandla kukho kokubili ukungasebenzi kahle kwamandla kanye nokumoshakala kwamanzi.
Ebhekana nalezi zinselele, uMongameli uMirziyoyev ukhiphe iziqondiso ezihloselwe uguquko. Okokuqala, ukhuthaza ulwelwesi lukakhonkolo lwemisele ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kwamanzi kakhulu. Ukwengeza, ukushintsha amaphampu agugile ngezinye izindlela ezonga ugesi kuyinto ehamba phambili, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokumoshakala kwamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kwemishini yokukala amanzi ezishintshayo ezakhiweni zama-hydraulic kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuziphendulela ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi.
Ukuphuthuma kwalesi simo kugcizelelwa ukuqagela kwamanzi ase-Uzbekistan esikhathini esizayo. Ngokuka-Azimjon Nazarov, iPhini LokuQala likaNgqongqoshe Wezamanzi, kulindeleke ukuthi izwe libhekane nokushoda kwamanzi angama-cubic metres angu-7 billion ngo-2030 uma isimo siqhubeka. Leli qiniso elisobala lidinga ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo ngokushesha kanye nokusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha emkhakheni wezolimo.
Ukubhekana nalezi zinselelo, uhulumeni wase-Uzbekistan uye wabele umkhakha wokuphathwa kwamanzi uxhaso olukhulu eminyakeni emibili edlule. Lezi zimali zihlose ukwenza lula ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe okonga amanzi futhi ziqhubekisele phambili imizamo yokuthuthukisa ezolimo. Ngokutshala imali ocwaningweni, nengqalasizinda, nasekusetshenzisweni kwamasu athuthukile okunisela, i-Uzbekistan ingavula indlela yekusasa lezolimo elisimeme.
Uguquko lwezolimo lwase-Uzbekistan luncike ekhonweni layo lokubhekana nokulahleka kwamanzi nokwenza izindlela zokunisela zibe zesimanjemanje. Imizamo kaMongameli uMirziyoyev, ehambisana nokutshalwa kwezimali kwamasu kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, inikeza ukukhanya kwethemba. Ngokwamukela ukusungulwa, i-Uzbekistan ayikwazi nje ukunciphisa ukushoda kwamanzi kodwa futhi ikhuthaze umkhakha wezolimo ophumelelayo, ozinzile ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.