#MIT #Agriculture #SustainableFarming #MicrobialFertilizers #GreenRevolution #SoilRegeneration #EnvironmentalInnovation #Nitrogen-FixingBacteria #AgriculturalEngineering #GreenhouseGasReduction#SustainableTechnology
Ocwaningweni lwakamuva olushicilelwe ku-Journal of the American Chemical Society, onjiniyela bamakhemikhali be-MIT bethule uguquko lwe-metal-organic coating olwenzelwe ukuvikela amagciwane alungisa i-nitrogen, babhekane nezinselele ekukhuphuleni ukukhiqizwa kwabo kanye nokuthuthwa kwabo ukuya emapulazini. Umanyolo wamakhemikhali, onomthelela kumaphesenti angu-1.5 wokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa emhlabeni wonke, ungabona enye indlela eqhubekayo kumanyolo we-bacterial.
I-coating emisha, eyaziwa ngokuthi inethiwekhi ye-metal-phenol (MPN), igcina ubuqotho bamaseli ebhaktheriya, okuvumela amazinga athuthukisiwe okuhluma ezimbewu ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ummbila ne-bok choy. Lawa mabhaktheriya amboziwe amelana nokushisa okufika ku-132 degrees Fahrenheit, aqeda isidingo sokugcinwa okubandayo ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Lolu cwaningo, oluholwa ngu-Ariel Furst, luveza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kusatshalaliswe umhlaba wonke futhi kungabizi kakhulu, okwenza ama-microbial fertilizer atholakale kalula kubalimi.
Izindlela zendabuko ze-Haber-Bosch zokukhiqiza umanyolo wamakhemikhali azigcini nje ngokuthatha ikhabhoni kodwa futhi ziqeda imisoco yenhlabathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuphambene, ezolimo ezivuselelayo, ezihlanganisa amabhaktheriya alungisa i-nitrogen, zihlose ukubuyisela impilo yomhlabathi ngokuqhubekayo. Nakuba abanye abalimi bewamukele umanyolo we-microbial, ukuvutshelwa endaweni kusalokhu kubiza kakhulu kwabaningi.
Ukuthumela amagciwane aphilayo ezindaweni zasemakhaya kubhekana nezinselele ngenxa yokungenwa ukushisa kanye nezakhiwo ezintekenteke. Isixazululo sika-Furst sihlanganisa ukusebenzisa i-MPN coating, inethiwekhi ye-metal-phenol evikela amagciwane kukho kokubili ukushisa nokulimala okomisa. Izingxenye ezigunyazwe yi-FDA, okuhlanganisa insimbi, i-manganese, i-aluminium, ne-zinc, ziqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nobungane bemvelo.
Abacwaningi bahlole ama-MPN angu-12 ahlukene, afaka i-Pseudomonas chlororaphis, i-nitrogen-fixing bacterium. Zonke izimbobo zawavikela ngempumelelo amagciwane emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nomswakama, okubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwawo ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Ukuhlolwa kokuhluma kwembewu kwembula ukuthi i-MPN esebenza kahle kakhulu, inhlanganisela ye-manganese ne-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), ithuthukise izinga lokuhluma ngamaphesenti angu-150 uma kuqhathaniswa nembewu engelashiwe.
U-Ariel Furst, umcwaningi oholayo, usungule i-Seia Bio ukuze athengise lobu buchwepheshe bezolimo ezivuselelayo ngezinga elikhulu. Ukonga kwezindleko zenqubo yokukhiqiza kulindeleke ukuthi kuhlomule abalimi abancane ngaphandle kwengqalasizinda yokuvutshelwa esizeni, kufinyelele intando yeningi emikhubeni yezolimo esimeme.
Ukugcotshwa kwe-MIT okuhamba phambili kwe-metal-organic kuphawula igxathu elibalulekile elibheke kwezolimo esimeme, okuthembisa ukuncipha kokuphuma kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nempilo yomhlabathi ethuthukisiwe. Ukuphumelela kungase kuguqule indlela abalimi abasabalalisa ngayo umanyolo, kwenze ezolimo ezivuselelayo zifinyeleleke kalula futhi zonge imali yawo wonke umuntu.