Lesi sihloko sihlola amandla amakhulu e-floral legume symbiosis ekuguquleni ezolimo. Ngokusebenzisa idatha yakamuva kanye nocwaningo oluvela emithonjeni efana ne-Phys.org, abalimi, izazi zezolimo namahlathi, onjiniyela bezolimo, abanikazi bamapulazi, nososayensi abasebenza kwezolimo bazothola imininingwane yokuthi ukusebenzisa lobu budlelwano bemvelo kungathuthukisa kanjani ukukhiqiza kwezitshalo, ukuvunda kwenhlabathi, nokusimama.
Emzamweni wezolimo olusimeme, ososayensi nabalimi baya ngokuya begxila entweni emangalisayo ye-floral legume symbiosis. Ucwaningo lwakamuva oluqokonyiswe esihlokweni esiphuma ku-Phys.org ngoJulayi 2023 [umthombo: phys.org] lwembula izinzuzo ezimangalisayo lobu budlelwano be-symbiotic obunazo ekukhiqizeni izitshalo. Ukusuka ekulungisweni kwe-nitrogen kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwempilo yenhlabathi, lesi sihloko singena phakathi kwamathuba okuguqula obudlelwane bezimbali ze-legume.
Izitshalo ezinemidumba eziqhakazayo, ezinjengobhontshisi wesoya, uphizi, ne-alfalfa, zinekhono eliyingqayizivele lokwakha izixhumanisi zokuhlangana namabhaktheriya alungisa initrogen okuthiwa i-rhizobia. Ngezakhiwo ezikhethekile ezaziwa ngokuthi amaqhuqhuva ezimpande, lezi zidumba zigcina i-rhizobia futhi ziyihlinzeka ngamakhabhohayidrethi, kuyilapho amagciwane ephindaphinda ngokushintsha i-nitrogen yasemkhathini ibe uhlobo lwezitshalo ezingalusebenzisa. Lobu budlelwano be-symbiotic bunikeza isixazululo semvelo nesimeme sokuthuthukisa ukuvunda komhlabathi kanye nokunciphisa ukuthembela kumanyolo okwenziwa.
Ngokusho kwedatha kanye nezifundo ezihlanganiswe ezikhungweni zesayensi ezihlukahlukene, ukufakwa kwezitshalo ze-legume ezinhlelweni zezolimo kubonise imiphumela ethembisayo. Amandla okulungisa i-nitrogen emidumbeni anomthelela ekwandeni kokutholakala kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini, okuzuzisa ngokushintshaniswa kwezitshalo okulandelayo. Ukwengeza, ukuba khona kwe-legumes kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, amandla okubamba amanzi, kanye nokujikeleza kwezakhi, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni impilo yenhlabathi jikelele.
Ukwamukelwa kwe-floral legume symbiosis kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi kubalimi kanye nemvelo ngokufanayo. Inikeza ithuba lokuncishiswa kwezindleko zokufakwayo, njengoba imidumba idinga ukufakwa komanyolo we-nitrogen omncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mthombo we-nitrogen wemvelo ungakhuphula ukukhiqiza kwezitshalo, okuholela ekuvuneni okuthuthukisiwe kanye nenzuzo. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwemidumba yezimbali kukhuthaza ukusimama kwesikhathi eside ngokunciphisa izingozi zokungcoliswa kwemvelo ezihlobene nokugeleza kwe-nitrogen.
Sengiphetha, ukusetshenziswa kwe-floral legume symbiosis kunesithembiso esikhulu sokuguqula ezolimo zibe umkhuba osimeme nonobungani nemvelo. Idatha yakamuva kanye nocwaningo lwembula izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokufaka izitshalo zendumba ezinhlelweni zokulima, njengokuvundisa okuthuthukisiwe komhlabathi, ukulungiswa kwe-nitrogen, kanye nesivuno esithuthukisiwe sezitshalo. Ngokusebenzisa lobu budlelwano bemvelo, abalimi, izazi zezolimo namahlathi, onjiniyela bezolimo, abanikazi bamapulazi, nososayensi bangavula indlela yekusasa eliluhlaza neliqine ngokwengeziwe lokukhiqiza izitshalo.
Amathegi: I-Floral Legume Symbiosis, Ukulima Okuqhubekayo, Ukukhiqizwa Kwezitshalo, Ukulungiswa Kwe-Nitrogen, Ukuvunda Komhlaba, Impilo Yomhlabathi, Izitshalo Zomdumba, Ukusimama Kwemvelo, Ukulima Okwehliswa I-nitrogen, Ukuqamba Okusha Kwezolimo