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Ngo-2023, ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo ezindaweni eziningi zaseMpumalanga Ekude yaseRussia kwaba nokwehla, okuthonywa izimo zezulu ezingezinhle ezalimaza izitshalo. Kodwa-ke, imizamo iyaqhubeka yokwandisa izindawo zokulima kanye nokwethulwa kwezinyathelo ezengeziwe zokweseka kulo mkhakha. Naphezu kwezinselelo ezinjengokuqubuka kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ezithinta amabhizinisi amakhulu, kunezinhlelo ezithembisayo okuhloswe ngazo ukuvuselela imisebenzi yezolimo.
Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, izifunda ezine kuphela eMpumalanga Ekude YaseRussia zabonisa ukukhula okuhle ekukhiqizeni kwezolimo ngo-2023. I-Jewish Autonomous Oblast ibonise ukwanda okuphawulekayo ku-13.9%, kulandelwa i-Magadan Oblast (+3.5 %), Buryatia (+2.7%), kanye ne-Yakutia (+0.2%). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo jikelele ezweni kube nokwehla kancane, inkomba yehle yaba ngama-99.7%. Kodwa-ke, inkomba yeMpumalanga Ekude yaseRussia ime kuphela ku-93.9%, okubonisa ukwehla okugqamile kokukhiqiza uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso sikazwelonke.
I-Primorsky Krai, ngokuvamile engumkhiqizi ohamba phambili wezimpahla zezolimo, yabhekana nezinselele eziphawulekayo ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibi ngo-2023. Izikhukhula zibe nomthelela omkhulu ekuvunweni kukabhontshisi wesoya nommbila, okubangele ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kubalimi. Ukunciphisa imiphumela, iziphathimandla zihlela ukukhulisa izindawo ezilinywayo ngo-1% kulo nyaka wamanje, kugxilwe ezitshalweni ezinjengombila nelayisi. Kodwa-ke, ukukhathazeka kuye kwaphakama mayelana nokushoda kukamanyolo wamaminerali, kanye nama-30% kuphela omthamo odingekayo esitokisini sonyaka wokutshala ozayo. Imizamo yokungenisa umanyolo owengeziwe ngokuthutha izitimela usuka eSiberia ihlangabezane nobunzima ngenxa yomthamo omkhulu wezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.
Ngaleso sikhathi, abakhiqizi bezolimo eSifundazweni Sase-Amur balungiselela ukunwetshwa okukhulu kokutshalwa kommbila, ngezinhlelo zokudlula amahektha angama-55,000 ngo-2024, okuphinda kabili i-acre yangonyaka odlule. Imizamo enjengokusungulwa kwamakheshi okusanhlamvu yizinkampani ezinjenge-“Target Agro” ihlose ukuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda yokucubungula okusanhlamvu, ukwenza kube lula ukwanda kokukhiqiza nokugcina amandla.
E-Zabaykalsky Krai engumakhelwane, imizamo yokuthuthukisa ukuthengiswa kwezolimo emazweni angaphandle ibe nemiphumela ethembisayo, ngokunyuka okuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.7 okurekhodiwe ngo-2023 uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule. Umnyango Wezolimo wakulesi sifunda ugqamise ukukhula okuphawulekayo kokuthunyelwa kwezinhlamvu okusanhlamvu ngaphandle, nakuba ingxenye enkulu idluliswa esifundeni kunokuba isuke emapulazini endawo.
Ukwesekwa kukahulumeni kusabalulekile ekusimamiseni imisebenzi yezolimo eMpumalanga Ekude. Ngo-2023, uMnyango Wezolimo wabele cishe ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-11 ukuze kusekelwe ezolimo esifundeni, ingxenye enkulu ibekelwe ukwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse. Kulo nyaka, imali eyengeziwe eyedlula ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-500 ihlelelwe ukusungulwa kwezakhiwo ze-greenhouse, okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa ukuzimela kwesifunda ekukhiqizeni imifino.
Iziphathimandla zendawo nazo ziyaqinisa imizamo yokweseka umnotho wasemakhaya. E-Zabaykalsky Krai, uxhaso lokukhiqiza uvolo lucishe luphindwe kabili ukuze kubhekwane nokwehla kwamanani emakethe, okuhlinzeka usizo oludingeka kakhulu kubafuyi bezimvu. Ngokufanayo, iSifunda Sase-Amur sabele ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-12.4 ukuze sisekele ochwepheshe abasebasha abenza imisebenzi yezolimo ngaphansi kohlelo “Lokuthuthukiswa Kwasemaphandleni Okuphelele”, olunikeza izinkokhelo ezinkulu zesikhathi esisodwa ngokusekelwe kumibandela yokuhlala kanye nokuqashwa.
Kodwa-ke, ukuqubuka kwakamuva kwezifo ezithathelwanayo emabhizinisini ezolimo kubangela izinselelo ezinkulu ekukhiqizeni. Ukubekwa kwezindawo zokuhlala zodwa ngenxa yokuqubuka komkhuhlane wezinyoni eSifundazweni Sakhalin kugcizelela ubungozi obuqhubekayo lo mkhakha, okudingeka kuthathwe izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokuthimba kanye nezindlela zokunxeshezelwa kwamabhizinisi athintekile.
Isimo sezolimo eMpumalanga Ekude yaseRussia sibonisa ukusebenzisana okunamandla kwezinselele namathuba. Nakuba izimo zezulu ezimbi kanye nokuqubuka kwezifo ezithathelwanayo kubangela izithiyo ngokushesha, imizamo ebumbene yokwandisa izindawo zokulima, ukuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngosizo oluhlosiwe yenza isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwezolimo esimeme esifundeni.