Isingeniso Sendlela Yokuqala Ukutshala I-radish Kwabaqalayo: Sanibonani balimi, sibuya nesinye isihloko namuhla. Uyafuna ukutshala isithombo futhi ingabe unokungabaza mayelana nokutshala nokutshala isithombo? Bese, landela isihloko sethu esiphelele ukuze ubambe ukutshala isithombo. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngeminye imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-radish ukulima.
Isithombo siyimpande imifino emndenini wakwaBrassicaceae owafuywa e-Asia ngaphambi kwenkathi yamaRoma. Imithombe iyalinywa futhi idliwe emhlabeni wonke, kanti iningi layo lidliwa liluhlaza njengemifino yesaladi ehlwabusayo enokunambitheka okubabayo.
Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Ukutshala ingadi kuya ku-radish Gardening Kwabaqalayo, isithombo Imibuzo, Izimpendulo, Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngokutshala
AmaRadishi ayimifino yezimpande eqinile, enakekela kancane engatshalwa izikhathi eziningana ngesikhathi sokukhula. Imithombe ingavunwa ngokushesha ngemva kwamasonto amathathu itshaliwe. Nakhu konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokutshala ama-radishes engadini yakho.
Imbewu yesithombo ingatshalwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kodwa ngesikhathi sasehlobo, lapho amazinga okushisa evame kakhulu, ukukhula kufanele kumiswe. (Ama-radishes angase aqhume esimweni sezulu esishisayo, awenze angasebenzi ngokuphelele.)
Hlwanyela imbewu emavikini angu-4 kuya kwangu-6 ngaphambi kosuku lokugcina lwesithwathwa lokutshala entwasahlobo. Nansi isithwathwa Izinsuku endaweni yakho.
Imbewu yesithombo kufanele itshalwe ngqo engadini ukugwema ukuphazamisa izimpande zayo. Hlwanyela imbewu iyintshi engu-1 ukushona kanye ne-intshi engu-1 ngokuhlukana emigqeni engama-intshi angu-12 ngokuhlukana ngaphandle.
Tshala umjikelezo omusha wembewu njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10 noma ngaphezulu, ngenkathi izinga lokushisa lisabanda, ukuze uqinisekise ukutholakala kwama-radishes njalo ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Cabangela ukutshala ekwindla. Imithombe ingatshalwa kamuva ehlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla kunanoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo sezimpande futhi isathela isivuno. Emasontweni ama-4 kuya kwayi-6 ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala sekwindla, tshala imbewu.
Manje, ake sixoxe ngemibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokutshala ama-radishes
Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokutshala ama-radishes?
Ungase futhi uhlole lokhu: Indlela Yokukhulisa I-Organic Pears.
Tshala imbewu yesithombo entwasahlobo kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, futhi futhi ekwindla kusukela ngo-Agasti 1 kuya kuSeptemba 1. Ngokulandelana, shiya cishe intshi phakathi kwembewu. Izinhlobo ezincane kufanele zitshalwe ukujula okukodwa kokwesine kuya kuhhafu. Izinhlobo ezinkulu kufanele zitshalwe zijule, zifike ku-intshi eyodwa.
Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokutshala ama-radishes?
Emhlabathini oxegisiwe, udinga ukuhlwanyela imbewu yesithombo ngokuhlukana okuyisentimitha eyodwa emigqeni iqhelelene ngemitha elilodwa. Zimboze ngongqimba lwenhlabathi oluyi-intshi enguhhafu ukuya kweyiyintshi bese uzinisela ngobumnene. Ukuze uthole isivuno esiqhubekayo, tshala ama-radishes njalo ezinsukwini eziyishumi. Nciphisa izithombo zesithombo zibe amasentimitha amabili kuya kwamathathu ngemva kokuvela kwazo.
Ingabe ama-radishes afana nelanga noma umthunzi?
Gqoka izingubo ezifudumele bese utshala eyokuqala ukuhlwanyela ama-radishes ngokushesha nje lapho inhlabathi yensimu iyasebenza entwasahlobo. Khetha indawo ethola okungenani amahora ayisithupha okukhanya kwelanga ngosuku. Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle, sebenzisa inhlabathi ekhanyayo, ekhanyiswe kahle ene-pH engu-5.8 kuya ku-6.8.
Yini okufanele i-radishes ingatshalwa ngayo?
Izitshalo eziningana, ngakolunye uhlangothi, akufanele zitshalwe eduze kwama-radishes:
- amazambane
- Amagilebhisi
- I-Turnips
- Kohlrabi
- Ihisopi (iyisihlobo esinephunga elimnandi leminti)
Ukusuka enhlanyelweni kuya ekuvuneni, ama-radishes athatha isikhathi esingakanani?
Ama-radishes azotholakala ukuze avunwe esikhathini esingangemasonto amathathu ngemva kokutshala, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo. Vuna lapho izimpande ziyi-intshi engu-1 ububanzi endaweni engaphezulu kwenhlabathi ngezinhlobo eziningi.
Kungenzeka yini ukutshala kabusha ama-radishes?
Kungenzeka ukuhluma kabusha isithombo phezulu, nakuba lokhu kuvame ukusebenza kuphela uma izimpande zisanamathele futhi kungasebenzi njengokuhlwanyela ama-radishes embewini.
Ingakanani indawo edinga i-radishes?
Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa isikhala esanele lapho izitshalo ezihlwanyela ngokuqondile njengama-radishes. Qaphela ukuthi uhlole iphakethe lembewu ukuze uthole imihlahlandlela efanele yokuhlukanisa imbewu futhi ukuhlukaniswa kweradish kungahluka kusuka kuma-intshi angu-1 kuya ku-3 kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni.
Ingabe kuyiqiniso ukuthi ama-radishes adinga amanzi amaningi?
Gcina inhlabathi imanzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Qala ukuchelela kancane - futhi ngokungaguquki - ngekani lokunisela ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala. AmaRadishi akufanele neze avunyelwe ukuba ahlale emanzini, nakuba adinga umswakama owanele ukuze izimpande zawo zibe zikhuluphele. Ngaphakathi, hlwanyela imbewu ye-radish kancane.
Kungenzeka yini ukutshala ama-radishes ebhodweni/isitsha?
“Ingabe ama-radishes angakhula phakathi iziqukathi?” kungase kube umbuzo ama-patio amaningi kanye nabalimi bendawo encane abanayo. Yebo, ilungile. Imbewu yesithombo etshalwe ezitsheni ikhiqiza ukudla ngokushesha nangomzamo omncane.
Ingabe kuyadingeka ukuvundisa ama-radishes?
Ama-radishes asebenzisa umanyolo omncane kakhulu emhlabathini. Ukuba nezingxenye eziningi kakhulu, ngokuvamile, i-nitrogen, kuwukukhathazeka njalo ngenkathi kukhiqizwa ama-radishes. Engadini yemifino, inhlabathi elinganiselayo iyoba nengxube yezinto ezihlukahlukene ezibalulekile, kuhlanganise ne-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, ngisho ne-potassium.
Kungenzeka yini ukukhulisa izaqathe nama-radishes ndawonye?
Uma utshala ama-radishes kanye nezaqathi ndawonye, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi asikho isitshalo esilinyazwa izinambuzane. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-radishes ahluma ngokushesha kunezaqathi, ungawatshala ngesikhathi esifanayo isaqathe imbewu kanye nezinhlamvu zesithombo zizobe seziwukhululile umhlabathi ngesikhathi izaqathi ziqala ukukhula.
Kungenzeka yini ukutshala utamatisi nama-radishes ndawonye?
Kokubili ama-radishes notamatisi kuzozuza ekutshaleni okuhambisanayo engadini. Izimbungulu zekhukhamba, amabhungane, nezinye izinambuzane zikhangwa ama-radishes. Nakuba zisebenzisana kahle, lapho uzitshala, khumbula inani lendawo ezidingayo. Zombili zidinga ukunakwa okwanele ukuze le nhlanganisela iphumelele.
Kungenzeka yini ukutshala ama-radishes ngoJuni?
Tshala imbewu yokuqala kanye okubi kakhulu Winter amakhaza asedlulile, futhi ayaqhubeka nokutshala isonto ngalinye kuze kube cishe uJuni ukuze uthole imithombo ekhula ngokushesha, evuthwa cishe emasontweni amathathu. Ama-radishes kufanele atshalwe ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, kungakapheli uJuni.
Isitshalo esisodwa singakhiqiza ama-radishes amangaki?
Imbewu yesithombo eyodwa ithela isithombo esisodwa, kanti isitshalo esisodwa seradish sithela isithombo esisodwa. Ama-radishes akhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke uma ufuna okuningi, vele uhlwanyele imbewu eningi futhi emasontweni amathathu kuya kwamane, uzoba nenqwaba yawo.
Iluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi olulungele ukutshala isithombo?
Kanjani Ngalokhu: Ukuhluma Kwembewu Yamazambane.
Ama-radishes akhula kangcono endaweni evundile, ekhishwe kahle, ejulile, futhi inhlabathi enesihlabathi abacebile izinto eziphilayo.
AmaRadishi adinga amanzi angakanani?
Ukunisela izitshalo zeradish kancane izikhathi ezi-4 kuya kwezi-5 ngesonto kulungile, inqobo nje uma umhlabathi ungabi manzi kakhulu. Ukumboza ngezicucu zotshani, utshani, noma imicu yamaphephandaba kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokugcina inhlabathi imanzi.
Lapho ama-radishes eselungele ukuvunwa, abukeka kanjani?
Uma izimpande zicishe zibe yi-intshi noma u-2.5 cm ububanzi, ungaqala ukukhetha ama-radishes. Ukuze uhlole usayizi, vele ukhiphe eyodwa. Donsa ama-radishes asebusika njenge-Daikon ngaphambi kokuba umhlabathi ube yiqhwa, njengoba angakhula abe mkhulu ngaphambi kokuba izinga lawo liwohloke.
Ingabe ama-radishes ayathanda ubulongwe?
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, thinta kancane eziphilayo umquba, omile umquba wasepulazini, noma ngisho nama-pellets enkukhu anezelwe izilwane zasolwandle emhlabathini. Ama-radish adinga ilanga eligcwele entwasahlobo, kodwa ngoJulayi, azokhula kahle emthunzini omncane, lapho inhlabathi izohlala ibanda.
Kungani imbewu yesithombo ishesha kangaka ukumila?
Lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi, umswakama, nomoya onyakazayo kwanele, imbewu yesithombo iqhuma ngokushesha. Yiqiniso, ungase uqhume imbewu ye-radish endlini bese uyitshala ngaphandle kamuva, kodwa lokhu kunzima, ngakho ukuhluma imbewu ye-radish ngokushesha emhlabathini ngaphandle kungcono.
Ingabe ama-radishes afana nosawoti we-Epsom?
Isibabule siyadingeka ekukhuleni kwe i-asparagus, iklabishi, ukholifulawa, Kale, u-anyanisi, ama-radishes, i-turnips, nezinye izitshalo eziningi eziqhakazayo. Ama-Epsom salts ancibilika kakhulu emanzini futhi angamuncwa ngokushesha izitshalo lapho ehlanjululwa ngamanzi futhi anikezwe njengesifutho se-foliar.
Ungayithuthukisa kanjani ukukhula kwama-radishes?
Kanye noma kabili ngeviki, nisela imithombe yakho kahle ukuze umanzise inhlabathi ifike ezingeni lempande. Zihlole njalo bese uchelela uma inhlabathi ibonakala yomile lapho uthinta i-intshi engu-1 ngaphansi komhlaba. Ukuze ukhule ngokushesha futhi udale izimpande ezibucayi, ama-radishes adinga inhlabathi emanzi ngokulinganayo.
Ingabe ama-radishes adinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile?
AmaRadishi akhetha ukukhanya kwelanga eliqondile futhi adinga okungenani amahora angu-6 okukhanya ukuze akhiqize ama-bulb anele. Imithombe iphinde ibe yimifino yesizini epholile ebamba ukushisa lapho kunesimo sezulu esifudumele, ikhiqize imbewu esikhundleni sama-bulb amancane.
Kungenzeka yini ukukhulisa ama-radishes lapho kushisa?
I-Radish iyimifino yesizini epholile evuthwa ngokushesha futhi kulula ukuyikhulisa. Imithombe yasengadini ingase itshalwe kunoma iyiphi indawo enelanga elanele nomhlabathi oswakeme, onempilo, ngisho nasedolobheni elincane kakhulu. Nakuba izinhlobo zakuqala zichuma ezinsukwini ezibandayo zasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ezinye izinhlobo ezivuthwa kamuva zingatshalwa ehlobo.
Kungenzeka yini ukukhulisa ama-radishes emhlabathini wobumba?
Imithombe ayinakho izintandokazi eziningi uma kuziwa endabeni yokufaka inhlabathi, kodwa yenza kahle kakhulu enhlabathini edonsa kahle futhi enokuqukethwe okuningi kwemvelo. Inhlabathi evundisiwe ehlanganiswe kahle iyokwanela. Ama-radishes adinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi ukuze alondoloze ukukhula kwawo okusheshayo kanye nokwakheka kwezimpande.
Ingabe kuyadingeka ukucwilisa imbewu ye-radish ngaphambi kokuyitshala?
Ukuze uqale ukumila, cwilisa imbewu yakho amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-6 noma ubusuku bonke esitsheni samanzi afudumele, uqiniseke ukuthi icwiliswe ngokuphelele futhi ayintanti phezu kwamanzi. Lokhu kuzothambisa ijazi lembewu, liyenze ikhule kalula. Khipha amanzi ngokuphelele ngemva kokucwiliswa.
Kwenzekani uma imbewu yesithombo itshalwe ijule kakhulu?
I-1/4 kuya ku-1/2 intshi ejulile kanye ne-intshi engu-1 ngokuhlukana, hlwanyela imbewu. Imbewu yesithombo yasentwasahlobo iqhuma ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezine ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, nakuba kungase kuthathe izinsuku eziyishumi kwezinye izimo. Imbewu izothatha isikhathi eside ukumila uma ibekwe ngaphansi noma ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elipholile, futhi ingase ingaqhumi nhlobo.
Imuphi umanyolo ongcono kakhulu wama-radishes?
Imithombe idinga i-phosphorus eningi, ngakho sebenzisa okuthile okufana nokudla kwamathambo njengomanyolo ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. I-nitrogen eningi ikhuthaza ukukhula okuphezulu okuphezulu ngenkathi ikhubaza ukukhula kwesigaxa sezimpande. I-Kelp meal iphezulu kuma-micronutrients futhi izohlinzeka ngamaminerali alandelayo izitshalo ukungeniswa.
Ingabe ama-radishes adinga amanzi amaningi ukuze akhule?
Gcina inhlabathi imanzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Qala ukuchelela kancane - futhi ngokungaguquki - ngekani lokunisela ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala. AmaRadishi akufanele neze avunyelwe ukuba ahlale emanzini, nakuba adinga umswakama owanele ukuze izimpande zawo zibe zikhuluphele. Ngaphakathi, hlwanyela imbewu ye-radish kancane.
Ingabe kuyadingeka ukuvundisa ama-radishes?
Ama-radishes asebenzisa umanyolo omncane kakhulu emhlabathini. Ukuba nezakhi eziningi kakhulu, ngokuvamile, i-nitrogen iyinkinga evamile ngenkathi ikhiqiza ama-radishes. Engadini yemifino, inhlabathi elinganiselayo iyoba nengxube yezinto ezihlukahlukene ezibalulekile, kuhlanganise ne-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Ukuze kukhule imithombe, inhlabathi kufanele ijule kangakanani?
Lungiselela inhlabathi engadini noma umbhede wokutshala wokutshala imithombe embewu ngokuyilima okungenani ngamasentimitha angu-8 kuya kwangu-20 ukujula, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo.
Imithombe ingamelana neliphi izinga lokushisa?
AmaRadishi ayisitshalo sesizini epholile, okusho ukuthi akhetha izinga lokushisa eliphansi lasentwasahlobo nekwindla ukuze lichume. Ziphila kahle emazingeni okushisa asukela ku-10°C kuya ku-21°C. Lapho izinsuku ziba zinde futhi amazinga okushisa enyuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ama-radishes azoqhakaza (noma aqhakaze).
Ngemva kokuqhakaza, ingabe ama-radishes ayaqhubeka ekhula?
Imithombe isikhule ngosayizi futhi iyaqhakaza, nakuba isencane. Yiqiniso, lapho ama-radishes eseqala ukuqhakaza, amandla agciniwe ezimpande azosetshenziswa ukwenza izimbali nembewu. Uma ama-radishes eshiywe emhlabathini isikhathi eside kakhulu noma uma isimo sezulu sishisa kakhulu, angabhabhula (aqhakaze).
Siyini isizathu sokufa kwesitshalo sami seradish?
Kungenzeka ukuthi unesimo sokubola kwezimpande ze-Rhizoctonia noma i-Fusarium uma izitshalo zakho zesithombo zibuna futhi zibonakala zibuthakathaka, anamaqabunga aphuzi kanye ne-oval, amachashazi abomvu esisekelweni sesiqu, kanye nezimpande ezinemithende ebomvu (ukubola kwesiqu). Umhlabathi ofudumele ulungele ukukhula kwalesi sifo. Lesi sifo sidlangile enhlabathini emanzi, ene-pH ephansi.
Kungani ama-radishes ami mancane futhi ane-Woody?
Ukuminyana kanye nesimo sezulu esishisayo senza izimpande zesithombo zibe sengozini. Okunye okungenzeka ukuthi inhlabathi yayingakhululekile ngokwanele futhi ithambile. Kungani ama-radishes ami enokhuni? Imithombe iyisitshalo sesizini epholile, futhi uma ivunwa sekwephuzile kakhulu ngenkathi, izoba yizinkuni.
Uzigcina kanjani izimbungulu kude nama-radishes?
Ukulawula inkinga kungaba lula njengokugcina inhlabathi eduze kwezithombo iphuziswe kahle; okunye, vala imigqa nge-mesh emihle noma uboya bezimbali. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuzungezisa ama-radishes namanye ama-brassicas kanye noku ukhula umhlabathi kahle, njengoba izibungu zebhungane zikwazi ukudlula ubusika emhlabathini futhi zidle i-detritus yezitshalo ekuqaleni.
Kungenzeka yini ukukhulisa ama-radishes ku-greenhouse ubusika bonke?
Uma isimo sezulu sibanda kakhulu, qhumisa imbewu endlini bese uyidlulisela ku-a ukushisa okushisa noma ifreyimu ebandayo ngokushesha nje lapho izithombo ziphuma. Ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa okukhula okuvikelekile futhi izithombo sezigcwalise amamojula azo, zizobe sezilungele ukutshala ngaphansi kwesembozo semigqa noma emhlabathini.