I-PlantDiseaseManagement #FungalInfection #CropProductivity #BiocontrolAgents #GeneticResistance #EnvironmentalSustainability
Impande ebomvana, ebangelwa ukhunta i-Phoma terrestris, iyingozi enkulu ekukhiqizeni izitshalo zika-anyanisi emhlabeni wonke. Lesi sifo sibangela ukuguquguquka kombala obomvana kanye nokubola kwezimpande, okuholela ekukhuleni okubolile kanye nokuncipha kwesivuno. Isikhunta singahlala emhlabathini iminyaka eminingana, okwenza kube nzima ukusilawula. Ngenxa yalokho, sekuyinkinga enkulu kubalimi baka-anyanisi kanye nabacwaningi bezolimo ngokufanayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwempande ebomvana kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu embonini yezolimo. Ukwehla kwesivuno sika-anyanisi kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho kubalimi, kuyilapho abathengi bangase babhekane namanani aphezulu kanye nokunciphisa ukutholakala kuka-anyanisi. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwama-fungicides ukulawula lesi sifo kungaba nemiphumela yemvelo, okuhlanganisa namandla okuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezimelana nesikhunta.
Imizamo iyaqhubeka yokuthuthukisa amasu amasha okuphatha impande ebomvana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwama-biocontrol agents, njengama-bacteria kanye nesikhunta, ezingaqhudelana ne-pathogen ukuthola izinsiza emhlabathini. Abacwaningi baphinde baphenya ngokusetshenziswa kofuzo ukumelana nalesi sifo, ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezivamile zokuzalanisa noma izakhi zofuzo.
Okwamanje, abalimi bangathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa umthelela wempande ebomvana ezitshalweni zabo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izitshalo ezishintshayo, ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwenhlabathi ethelelekile, nokusebenzisa izinqubo ezinhle zokukhucululwa kwendle ensimini nasezindaweni zokugcina.
Njengoba usongo lwempande ebomvana luqhubeka luhlasela imboni yezolimo, kubalulekile ukuthi abacwaningi nabalimi basebenzisane ukuze bakhe amasu asebenzayo okulawula lesi sifo. Ngokwenza kanjalo, singaqinisekisa ukukhiqiza okuqhubekayo kanye nokusimama kwezilimo zika-anyanisi emhlabeni wonke.