PlantVirus #CropDisease #Aphids #OnionCrops #Farming #ManagementStrategies
Igciwane le-onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) yisifo esiyingozi esihlasela izinhlobo ezahlukene zika-anyanisi, okuhlanganisa ama-shallots, amaliki, nesweli. Ibangelwa igciwane elihlasela amaqabunga esitshalo sika-anyanisi, libangele ukukhula, libe phuzi, futhi ekugcineni life. I-OYDV iyaziwa ngokudala umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni zika-anyanisi emhlabeni jikelele, okuholela ekulahlekelweni komnotho kubalimi futhi kuphazamise ukutholakala kuka-anyanisi emakethe.
Igciwane le-OYDV lisakazwa ama-aphid, okuyizinambuzane ezincane ezidla ubisi lwezitshalo. Uma i-aphid isithele isitshalo sika-anyanisi, igciwane lingasakazeka ngokushesha kwezinye izitshalo endaweni, okwenza kube nzima ukunqanda ukuqubuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli gciwane lingaphila emhlabathini iminyaka eminingana, okwenza libe usongo oluqhubekayo ezitshalweni zika-anyanisi.
Intuthuko ocwaningweni lwe-OYDV iholele ekutholakaleni kwamasu ahlukene okuphatha ukusiza abalimi ukulawula ukusabalala kwegciwane. Enye indlela ephumelelayo ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo zika-anyanisi ezikwazi ukumelana nezifo, ezikhonjiswe ukuthi azingenwa kalula yi-OYDV. Enye indlela ukusebenzisa ama-insecticides ukulawula inani le-aphid, okunganciphisa ukusabalala kwegciwane.
Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yokuqubuka kwe-OYDV ingaba mibi kakhulu, okuholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezomnotho kubalimi futhi kube nomthelela ekutholakaleni kanye nentengo ka-anyanisi emakethe. Kwezinye izimo, ukuqubuka kwesifo kungase kuholele ekuvalweni kwamapulazi ka-anyanisi, kuphazamise izimpilo zabalimi nemiphakathi yabo.
Igciwane lika-anyanisi eliphuzi liyingozi enkulu ezitshalweni zika-anyanisi emhlabeni jikelele. Nakuba ukuthuthuka kwamasu okuphatha kuholele ezindleleni ezisebenzayo zokulawula ukubhebhetheka kwegciwane, imiphumela yokuqubuka kwesifo ingaba yingozi kubalimi nasemiphakathini yabo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nemizamo yocwaningo yokuqonda kangcono igciwane futhi kwakhiwe amasu amasha okulawula nokuvimbela ukusabalala kwalo.