Ukuvikelwa Kwezitshalo #PlantVirology #Agriculture #DiseaseControl #SustainableFarming
I-onion mosaic virus (OMV) yisifo esithathelwana kakhulu esihlasela u-anyanisi, ama-chives, nesweli. Kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni zika-anyanisi, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwesivuno kanye nemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi. I-OMV isakazwa ngembewu ethelelekile, inhlabathi, nemfucumfucu yezitshalo, kanye nama-aphid nezinye izinto ezithwala izinambuzane. Lesi sifo sisabalele ezindaweni eziningi ezikhiqiza u-anyanisi, okwenza sibe yingozi enkulu embonini yomhlaba ka-anyanisi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-OMV kungaba nemiphumela emibi kubalimi baka-anyanisi, njengoba kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu komnotho. Igciwane lingabangela ukukhula okugobile, amaqabunga abe phuzi, nokuncipha kosayizi nekhwalithi ye-bulb. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, igciwane lingabulala ngisho nesitshalo. U-anyanisi ongenwe yileli gciwane uba lula ukungenwa ezinye izifo kanye nezinambuzane, okuqhubeka kwehlisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi.
Ukuze ugweme ukusakazeka kwe-OMV, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amasu okulawula izifo asebenzayo. Lokhu kubandakanya ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo, izindlela zokukhucululwa kwendle, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo zika-anyanisi ezimelana nezifo. Ukwengeza, abalimi bangasebenzisa ama-insecticide nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukulawula ukusabalala kwama-aphid, okuyi-vector ebalulekile yaleli gciwane.
Ucwaningo lusaqhubeka futhi lokuthuthukisa izindlela ezintsha nezintsha zokulawula ukusabalala kwe-OMV. Lokhu kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-RNA interference (RNAi), obungakhomba futhi buqede igciwane ezitshalweni ezithelelekile. I-RNAi ibonise imiphumela ethembisayo ekuhlolweni kwaselabhorethri, kodwa ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kutholwe ukusebenza kwayo kahle ezimeni zasensimini.
Igciwane le-Onion mosaic liyingozi enkulu ekukhiqizeni u-anyanisi emhlabeni jikelele. Ukwakhiwa kwamasu asebenzayo okulawula izifo, okuhlanganisa ukushintshwa kwezitshalo, izindlela zokukhucululwa kwendle, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo zika-anyanisi ezimelana nezifo, kubalulekile ukuze kunqandwe ukusabalala kwegciwane. Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo lwezindlela ezintsha nezintsha zokulwa ne-OMV, njengobuchwepheshe be-RNAi, lunikeza ithemba ngekusasa lokulima u-anyanisi.