Umhlaba uyaqonda ukuthi enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ezisasele kuyisidingo sokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo zokudla ukuze kusimame ikusasa lethu labantu emhlabeni jikelele.
Kwezolimo, lokhu akuhambisani nje kuphela nokusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezintsha nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ukusiza ukukhulisa isivuno, kodwa futhi namasu okunciphisa izakhi ezinganciphisa ukukhiqizwa. Embonini yezokudla kwezitshalo, enye yezindawo okugxilwe kuzo kamuva nje kube yindima engeyinhle edlalwa yi-chloride ekukhiqizeni izitshalo, yingakho, ukusetshenziswa kanye nomthelela wemithombo ye-potassium ene-chloride ephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenzisa i-potassium nitrate enenzuzo kakhulu.
Ucwaningo luveze ukuthi eminye imithombo ye-potassium ingakhuphula usawoti cishe ngamaphesenti angama-50 uma iqhathaniswa ne-potassium nitrate, kanti eminye imithombo isondele ku-100pc.
I-chloride idingwa izitshalo, kodwa ngamanani amancane kuphela futhi ngokuvamile yaneliswa amazinga e-chloride asevele ekhona enhlabathini noma engezwa ngokwelashwa ngomanyolo, ukufaka amanzi okunisela noma imvula, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisogwini. Amazinga e-chloride ezicutshini zezitshalo aboniswe ukuthi aphakeme izikhathi eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-100 kunalokho okudingekayo ukuze kukhule kahle, okubonisa ukusabalala kwamazinga e-chloride ephezulu enhlabathini, okubangela uhla lwemiphumela elimazayo. I-chloride eyeqile enhlabathini ihlotshaniswa nokwanda kosawoti enhlabathini futhi iba ubuthi ezitshalweni, kulimaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo kanye nezinhlelo zomhlabathi.
Izimpawu zezitshalo ezijwayelekile zingabandakanya ukuntengantenga kwezimpande nokukhula kwehlumela, ukulimala kwezithombo, ukushiswa kwamaqabunga kanye nokuwohloka kwamaqabunga, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwesivuno nekhwalithi yezitshalo. Lokhu kungabandakanya ama-asidi e-organic ancishisiwe, athinta ukunambitheka, nezinhlanganisela ezibalulekile zokugcina ezifana noshukela, isitashi kanye amaprotheni, kanye nokwanda kwe-hydration kanye nezindawo zokugcina ezinciphile noma zokucubungula. Ukufakwa kwe-potassium chloride, okusavamile ezinhlelweni zokutshala namuhla, kuyaqhubeka nokwakha i-chloride (noma usawoti) enhlabathini nasezindaweni zezimpande zezitshalo, okubuye kuvimbele ukutholwa kwezakhi ezibalulekile njenge-nitrate ne-sulphate enomthelela ezitshalweni ezinempilo nokudla. .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kwe-chloride enhlabathini-ke kudinga ukuchelela okujulile, okwengeziwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunqwabelana kukasawoti endaweni yezimpande, kuliwe nokucindezela okuqhubekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwethu kwamanzi.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo zaziwa ngokuzwela kwazo i-chloride nosawoti, okuhlanganisa i-alimondi, ibhilikosi, ukwatapheya, ubhanana, amawolintshi, amagilebhisi, umango kanye nezitshalo zezithelo zamapentshisi, amajikijolo ahlanganisa ama-strawberry, ulethisi, u-anyanisi kanye nemifino enoshukela kanye nezitshalo zasensimini zamazambane kanye nogwayi. , kanye nekhofi nezimbali.
Eminye yemiphumela ingabandakanya okuqukethwe okomile okuncishisiwe ezigabeni zamazambane, i-sucrose ekhiphekayo kumoba kanye nokusha kukagwayi, kuyilapho lokhu kamuva kungase kube mnyama futhi kuhogele ngemva kokupakisha.
Ukusebenzisa i-potassium chloride kwengeza amagremu angu-760 e-chloride ku-kilogram ngayinye ye-potassium efakwe emhlabathini, kanti i-potassium nitrate cishe ayinayo i-chloride eyingozi.
UTal Shani, Umphathi Wokumaketha Izivundisi Ezincibilikayo nomphakeli ohamba phambili we-potassium nitrate, i-Haifa Group, uthe inzuzo eyinhloko nge-potassium nitrate ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ze-chloride ne-saline ngokweqile, ingxenye ye-nitrate empeleni yasiza ukunciphisa umphumela oyingozi we-chloride futhi ingxenye ye-potassium iphikisana nemiphumela elimazayo ye-sodium.
I-Haifa Group yethulwa i-potassium nitrate ngokuhlanganisa i-potash ne-nitric acid futhi iyaqhubeka nokuba seqhulwini ekuthuthukisweni okusha kokufakwa kukamanyolo.
Umanyolo wenkampani we-potassium nitrate uqukethe imisoco yezitshalo eyi-100pc, eqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinsalela ezingcolisa umhlabathi noma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
U-Tal uthe ukusebenzisana okuphumelelayo phakathi kwe-nitrate ne-potassium kuthuthukisa ukumuncwa kwezakhi zomsoco ngezimpande zezitshalo futhi kuvimbele ukungenwa kwezinhlayiya zenhlabathi, ngaleyo ndlela kugcine kutholakala isikhathi eside.
Ngenxa yenkomba yayo kasawoti ephansi, asikho futhi isidingo sokunisela okwengeziwe, okubalulekile ukonga amanzi, futhi i-potassium nitrate ye-Haifa Group ingaxutshwa ngokuphephile nawo wonke ama-fertilizer ancibilika emanzini.
Uhlu lwezilingo ezitshalweni nasezindaweni ezahlukene lubonise izinzuzo ze-potassium nitrate uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imithombo ye-potassium.
Kokunye ukuhlola kwe-Haifa uqobo, lapho i-potassium nitrate yaqhathaniswa ne-potassium chloride kutamatisi otshalwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa ohlotsheni lwenhlabathi enesihlabathi esivunduvundu, isivuno sasiphakeme ngo-17.4pc lapho kwasetshenziswa khona i-potassium nitrate.
Esivivinyweni samazambane ngaphansi kwezimo ezithintekile ze-chloride, zikasawoti ePeru, i-potassium nitrate ithole isivuno esikhulu kunakho kokubili i-potassium sulphate ne-potassium chloride.
Ukukhetha umthombo ofanele we-potassium kubalulekile kubalimi be-alimondi baseCalifornia, ababhekene nokushoda kwamanzi, imingcele ebekwe uhulumeni yokuvimbela udoti we-nitrogen kanye nokwanda kwezinga likasawoti emanzini nasenhlabathini, kanye nocwaningo lweminyaka eminingi lapho luphinde lwabonisa ngokusobala izinzuzo i-potassium nitrate. Izivuno bezifike ku-22pc ngaphezulu lapho i-potassium nitrate ifakiwe uma iqhathaniswa ne-potassium chloride, i-potassium sulphate ne-potassium thiosulphate.
Ukwengeza, izivuno eziphakeme kakhulu ocwaningweni ziphinde zabonisa ukwanda kokutholwa kwe-nitrogen (ingqikithi yezithelo ze-nitrogen kuzo zonke izingxenye zezithelo) kanye nokwanda kwe-13pc ekusebenziseni kahle i-nitrogen.
Kukolweni nakubhontshisi wesoya e-Italy, ukusetshenziswa kwe-potassium nitrate, ngisho nangaphezu kwesisekelo sokugqoka i-potassium chloride, kuzuze isivuno esisukela ku-8-17pc kakolweni kanye no-5-12pc kubhontshisi wesoya.
E-Vietnam, ukusetshenziswa kwe-potassium nitrate ngaphezu kwe-basal dressings ye-potassium chloride, kanye nokulandela ukwelashwa okuncishisiwe kwe-basal, kwenyusa isivuno serayisi se-paddy kufika ku-16pc. Ekugcineni, ekuhlolweni kwe-glasshouse eTurkey, lapho i-potassium nitrate yasetshenziswa khona kwikhabe elifakwe usawoti, kwatholakala ukuthi yehlisa kakhulu imiphumela yosawoti ekukhuleni kwezitshalo kanye nesivuno sezithelo.
Izilingo ziyaqhubeka nokuqinisa izinzuzo ze-potassium nitrate kubalimi kanye nezingozi zokusebenzisa ezinye imithombo ye-potassium, okuthi, nakuba utshalomali olubiza kancane, lulimaza ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo, izinhlelo zomhlabathi kanye nembuyiselo yazo.