Njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwe-asparagus yase-US kukhula, abakhiqizi bafuna izindlela zokususa imfihlakalo ekuphekeni kwemifino.
Ulayini omusha we-asparagus osikiwe omusha owenziwe nge-microwavable wethulwa ngo-April usuka e-Cedarville, e-NJ-based Sheppard Farms. Ithengiswa ngezitolo ezinkulu ze-King eNew Jersey, umkhiqizo uwumphumela wokubambisana phakathi kwe-Rutgers University kanye ne-Sheppard Farms.
U-Tom Orton, uchwepheshe we-Extension we-Rutgers Agriculture Research Center futhi oyingxenye ye-Food Innovation Center, uthe iphakethe le-asparagus elinamandla lithathe cishe izinyanga eziyi-14 ukuthuthuka, isikhathi esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhishwa kwemikhiqizo eminingi emisha. Yena, kanye nomxhumanisi wokupakisha uWilliam Romig, babheke izindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa iphakheji emisha.
"Sithathe iphasela elikhona salilungisa," esho. “Eqinisweni kwakuwubuchwepheshe obabuvele bukhona futhi sabuthatha sabusebenzisa ngezindlela ezahlukene.”
I-asparagus egezwe kabili ithengiswa esikhwameni esingamaounce angu-10 noma ethreyini, ngayinye enama-microperforations kanye nezintuba zesitimu esivulwe ngomfutho. Ama-microperforations andisa impilo yeshalofu ye-asparagus ngokuvumela umoya-mpilo kanye ne-carbon dioxide kumise umkhathi ozobambezela ukubola. U-Orton uthe isikhathi seshelufu sidlula izinsuku ezingama-21, uma siqhathaniswa nezinsuku eziyi-10 kuye kweziyi-12 zezinqwaba ezintsha ze-asparagus.
Ama-steam ephakheji avumela i-asparagus ukupheka kuhhavini ye-microwave. Umkhiqizo upheka nge-convection, hhayi kuma-microwaves, kusho u-Orton. Amanzi awuketshezi emkhiqizweni aguqulwa abe isitimu, i-ejenti eyenza ukupheka.
Kuthatha phakathi kwemizuzu emibili nemizuzu emine ukupheka i-asparagus ephaketheni le-microwavable. Abathengi bangenza kube ngokuthanda kwabo, ngesikhathi esincane sokupheka semifino e-crispier kanye nesikhathi esengeziwe se-asparagus ethambile.
I-asparagus itshalwa eSheppard Farms, enikezela cishe amahektha angu-150 wamahektha angu-1,500 ekukhiqizeni isilimo se-asparagus. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-asparagus kusuka ngo-Ephreli 15 kuya kuJuni 15, futhi ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zeJersey Knight kanye neJersey Giant. Leli pulazi liphinde litshale upelepele, ulethisi weqhwa, ulethisi waseRoma, ukhukhamba, i-zucchini kanye ne-squash.
U-Tom Sheppard nabafowabo, u-Dave no-Erwin, baphethe i-Sheppard Farms. Izizukulwane eziyishumi nane zomndeni wakwaSheppard sezilima esifundazweni iminyaka engaphezu kuka-300. Leli pulazi laqala ngo-1683, kanti uSheppard uthe enye indawo asebeyilima manje isemndenini kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1800. Ipulazi liseCumberland County, umkhiqizi ohamba phambili wemifino eNew Jersey. Ngokwengosi ye-Web yesifunda, “Iyindawo Yengadi Yesifunda Sengadi,” ikhiqiza cishe amaphesenti angu-16 yenani eliphelele lezolimo laseNew Jersey.
Ukukhishwa Komkhiqizo
U-Sheppard uthe ngesikhathi u-Orton no-Romig befika kuye mayelana nephakheji, wayazi ngaso leso sikhathi ukuthi i-asparagus iwumkhiqizo olungile, kodwa inkampani yayingakaze ikhiphe umkhiqizo omusha.
“Bekuyinqubo ethokozisayo,” kusho uSheppard. “Banabantu abanolwazi lokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo, kodwa bekungeyona into ebesinolwazi ngayo.”
Kuze kube manje, impendulo evela kubathengi ixubile, bobabili bathi amadoda. Njenganoma yimuphi umkhiqizo omusha wokukhishwa, kungase kube namaqhuqhuva emgwaqeni, futhi kuyinqubo yokufunda. Amakhasimende asabele kahle emkhiqizweni omusha futhi ukuthengisa kwaqala ngamandla, kodwa kwehla ngokushesha ngemva kokwethulwa.
"Iningi labaphathi bemikhiqizo bawujabulele kakhulu umkhiqizo," kusho u-Orton. "Lapho ifika okokuqala, yahamba kahle kakhulu."
USheppard uthe babaleke ngemuva ngezinto ezincane, futhi kubukeka sengathi "konke okungahamba kahle akuhambanga kahle."
Nakuba ukudayiswa kokuqala bekuqinile, uSheppard uthe abadayisi ngendlela abecabanga ngayo.
U-Orton uthe baphinde baba nenkinga yokufihlwa. Kwenza umkhiqizo ungabonakali futhi ungabangela ukuthengiswa okulahlekile. Amafilimu athola ukufiphala, kodwa lokho kungagwenywa ngokugcina izinga lokushisa liphakathi kuka-30˚ F kanye no-40˚ F. Uthe bathole izitolo ezithile ezazibukisa umkhiqizo ngendlela engafanele, amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-50˚ F noma abekwe ngaphansi kwemishini yokubungula.
"Ungakwazi ukwenza okuningi futhi ungahlala usebenzisana eduze nabathengisi," kusho u-Orton.
Amaphakheji angenziwa nge-microwavable kufanele aboniswe endaweni efanayo namasaladi afakwe amasaka amasha. Uphinde wathi babheke amafilimu alwa nenkungu ukuze kwehle izinkinga zokufingqa.
Ukufundisa Kwabathengi Kube nokudideka nakubathengi. Njengoba umkhiqizo ukhishwe ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho i-asparagus entsha ifika emakethe, abathengi abazange babone ukusungulwa njengokukhiqizwa endaweni.
"Abathengi badidekile ngokuthi uyini umthombo womkhiqizo nokuthi uhlobene kanjani ne-asparagus evamile abajwayele ukuyithenga," kusho u-Orton.
Uthe basebenzela ukulwa nalokhu ngokufundisa abathengi ngezinto ezipakishwayo, amalebula nemibukiso yasezitolo mayelana nezinzuzo nezici zasendaweni zaleli phakethe elisha.
Naphezu kwezithiyo, womabili la madoda ayebheke ikusasa. USheppard uthe unethemba lokuthi ngelinye ilanga uzodayisa isithombo se-asparagus esingavuthwa unyaka wonke. Wayefuna ukuletha i-asparagus evela kwezinye izifunda unyaka wonke, njengoba ipulazi lakhe likhiqiza i-asparagus entsha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu kuphela entwasahlobo. Uthe inkampani manje isibheka izinkinga zemishini kanye nokukhiqiza amaphakheji asebenza ngama-microwavable ngesizini ezayo. Wahlela ekwindla ezayo noma ngokunokwenzeka ehlobo elizayo ngomnikelo olandelayo.
U-Orton uthe usebenzela ezinhlelweni zemikhiqizo emisha emaphaketheni e-microwavable. Uhlela ukuqala ucwaningo kuleli hlobo ngamaphakheji afakwa ama-microwavable okuthosa, u-squash, upelepele, izingxube zemifino kanye nommbila omnandi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesikhwebu. Ngenxa yokuthi umkhiqizo uphekwe ngesitimu, u-Orton uthe umkhiqizo wokugcina unama-calories ambalwa futhi wawunempilo kuneminye imikhiqizo e-microwavable.
"Ngikholelwa ukuthi kuzoholela ekwandeni kwemakethe, ekugcineni ngokuthatha abathengi abancane nokwenza umkhiqizo utholakale kubo abacabanga ukuthi kulula ukuwulungisa," kusho u-Orton.
I-New Jersey iyizwe lesine eliphakeme elikhiqiza i-asparagus e-United States, ngemuva kweCalifornia, Michigan neWashington. Ngokusho kwe-New Jersey Farm Bureau, i-New Jersey ilima cishe amahektha ayi-1,100 e-asparagus, futhi ngo-2005 yakhiqiza i-30 cwt.
I-Rutgers University iyikhaya lolunye lwezinhlelo ezimbalwa ezisele zokuzalanisa emhlabeni. Abacwaningi baye benza izinhlobo ezingu-10 ze-asparagus ezixubile futhi balungele ukwethula ezinye izinhlobo ezine ngo-2007. U-Orton uthe i-New Jersey iyindawo enhle yokuzalanisa ngoba kunezifo eziningi, ezihlinzeka ngokukhetha okungcono kakhulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi. Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezakhiwe esifundazweni zivame ukwenza kahle kuwo wonke amazwe, esho.