#Endive #Cichoriumendivia #LeafyGreen #Cultivation #NutrientProfile #Harvesting #Farming #Agriculture
Zitholele izimfihlo zokukhula ngempumelelo i-endive, uhlaza olunamaqabunga olunomsoco futhi oluguquguqukayo oluvame ukwenziwa iphutha njengelethisi. Lesi sihloko sinikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ngenqubo yokulima, iphrofayili yezakhi, kanye namasu okuvuna e-endive, enikeza ulwazi olubalulekile kubalimi, izazi zezolimo namahlathi, onjiniyela bezolimo, abanikazi bamapulazi, kanye nososayensi emkhakheni wezolimo.
I-Endive, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Cichorium endivia, ingeyomndeni wakwa-Asteraceae futhi inikeza uhla lwamathuba okupheka. Ngokuthungwa kwayo okushisayo kanye nokunambitheka okubabayo, i-endive ingajatshulelwa yosiwe, eluhlaza kumasaladi, noma ifakwe kumadiphu ahlukahlukene. Ecebile ngezakhi ezibalulekile ezifana ne-Vitamin A, i-Vitamin K, i-Vitamin C, ne-Folate, i-endive iyisengezo esibalulekile ekudleni okunomsoco.
Ukuze i-endive ikhule ngempumelelo, kubalulekile ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele sokutshala nendawo. Ilungele izindawo ze-USDA 4-9, i-endive ikhula kahle uma itshalwe ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi ezindaweni ezifudumele. Izimo ezifanele zokukhula zihlanganisa ukukhanya kwelanga eligcwele kanye nomhlabathi ogelezayo, onomsoco. Sakaza imbewu ye-endive ngokulinganayo enhlabathini elungisiwe, uyimboze kancane, futhi ugcine isikhala esingaba ama-intshi angu-12 phakathi kwezitshalo ukuze uqinisekise indawo eyanele yokukhula.
Ukuqapha izinga lokuswakama komhlabathi kubalulekile ukuze kutshalwe ngempumelelo i-endive. Ukunisela njalo, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi ezomile, kubalulekile ukukhuthaza ukukhula okunempilo futhi kuvimbele ukufutheka. Umhlahlandlela owusizo uwukuchelela lapho intshi ephezulu yomhlabathi izwakala yomile lapho uyithinta.
Ngenkathi unakekela izitshalo zakho ze-endive, kubalulekile ukuthi uzivikele ezinambuzaneni ezivamile ezifana nama-aphid nezikelemu. Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokulawula izinambuzane eziphilayo ezifana nowoyela we-neem noma amakhava anezikhala kungavikela izitshalo zakho ngempumelelo futhi kuqinisekise inhlalakahle yazo.
Isikhathi sokuvuna se-endive siyahlukahluka kuye nge-cultivar, kodwa ngokuvamile siwela phakathi kwebanga lezinsuku ezingama-60-90 ngemva kokutshala. Ama-cultivar amaningi alungele ukuvunwa lapho amaqabunga efinyelela ubude obungama-intshi angu-6-8.
I-Endive iwuhlaza onamaqabunga ahlukahlukene futhi anomsoco ofanelwe indawo evelele emisebenzini yezolimo. Ngokulandela izindlela zokutshala ezituswayo, ukunaka ukuchelela okufanele nokulawula izinambuzane, nokuqaphela isikhathi sokuvuna esifanele, abalimi, izazi zezolimo namahlathi, onjiniyela bezolimo, abanikazi bamapulazi nososayensi bangathola izinzuzo zalesi sitshalo esibalulekile.