#DownyMildew #PeronosporaParasitica #FungalDisease #CropProduction #ControlStrategies #Biocontrol #GeneticResistance #CropRotation #Sanitation #Fungicides
I-Downy mildew yisifo sokukhunta esingacekela phansi izitshalo, ikakhulukazi lezo zomndeni wakwaBrassicaceae, njenge-broccoli, iklabishi, nokholifulawa. I-Peronospora parasitica, i-pathogen ebangela lesi sifo, ingabangela ukulahlekelwa kwesivuno kuze kufike ku-80% ekuqubukeni okukhulu, okwenza kube ukukhathazeka okukhulu kubalimi nabakhiqizi bokudla.
Ukukhula kwe-downy mildew kuqala ngokuba khona kwe-pathogen emhlabathini noma emfucumfucwini yezitshalo. Lapho izimo zemvelo zivuma, i-pathogen ikhiqiza izinhlamvu ezithwalwa umoya noma amanzi ukuze zitheleleke esitshalweni. Uma isingaphakathi esitshalweni, i-pathogen iyakhula futhi isakazeke, ekugcineni ibangele izimpawu ezinjengokuphuzi nokushwabana kwamaqabunga kanye nokukhula okugobile.
Ukuvimbela nokulawula ukuqubuka kwe-downy mildew kubalulekile ukugcina impilo kanye nokukhiqiza kwezitshalo. Imikhuba yamasiko efana nokushintshaniswa kwezitshalo kanye nokukhucululwa kwendle kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukwenzeka kwalesi sifo. Ama-fungicides angasetshenziswa futhi ukuvimbela noma ukulawula lesi sifo, kodwa ukusebenza kwawo kungase kube nomkhawulo, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezimelana ne-pathogen kuyakhathaza.
Ukuze kuliwe nosongo oluqhubekayo lwe-downy mildew, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo luyadingeka ukuze kuqondwe i-biology ye-pathogen kanye nokusebenzelana kwayo nesitshalo nendawo ezungezile. Ukusungula amasu amasha okulawula, njengokumelana nezakhi zofuzo noma ama-agent okulawula izinto eziphilayo, kungase kudingeke futhi ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela walesi sifo kwezolimo.
Kafushane, i-downy mildew ebangelwa i-Peronospora parasitica iyingozi enkulu ekukhiqizeni izitshalo. Ukuvimbela nokulawula ukuqubuka kudinga inhlanganisela yemikhuba yamasiko nokulawulwa kwamakhemikhali, nocwaningo oluqhubekayo oludingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe amasu okulawula amasha naphumelelayo.