Yini, ngikhathazeke? Lokho kungase kube impendulo yabanye abaqhubi bezinkampani ezikhiqiza izitshalo ezikhethekile, okuhlanganisa abanikazi bamapulazi nabaphathi, lapho isihloko siphendukela ezingcupheni ze-cybersecurity ezithinta ukusebenza kwezolimo.
Imboni yezolimo sekuyisikhathi eside ibhekwa njengengozi encane evela ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi okungaba khona. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ngokwanda kwamapulazi nezindawo zokucubungula ukudla zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqizwa futhi kuhlanganiswe nezinsizakalo ze-supply chain, ubugebengu be-inthanethi buba yingozi kakhulu ebhizinisini lezolimo. Isibalo sokuhlaselwa siyakhula.
Sekucacile ukuthi amabhizinisi amaningi, okuhlanganisa amabhizinisi amapulazi abo bonke osayizi, anenkinga ngokugcinwa nokuphathwa kolwazi oluhlonza umuntu (PII). Kodwa-ke, ukukhuthaza isiko lapho i-PII ivikelwe futhi ilawulwa ngempumelelo kufanele kube umkhuba ongcono kakhulu oyinhloko wamabhizinisi esimanje.
"Zonke izinkampani ze-ag zincike kubuchwepheshe," kusho uGreg Gatzke. “Ubuchwepheshe bungasetshenziswa ukuze kuzuzele inhlangano yakho inzuzo yokuncintisana, kodwa futhi bungangenisa ubungozi ngaphandle kwesisekelo sokuphepha, ukunakekelwa nokusekelwa. Qiniseka ukuthi inkampani yakho nabahlinzeki bakho banezivikelo nezinqubo ezifanele zokuqinisekisa ukuthi singaqhubeka nokukhiqiza ukudla okudingwa yiMelika.”
U-Gatzke ungumongameli we-ZAG Technical Services, inkampani yokuxhumana ye-IT ezuze umklomelo kanye nomhlinzeki wezinsizakalo eziphethwe ozinze e-San Jose nase-Salinas, e-California, kanye nase-Boise, e-Idaho. U-Gatzke wasungula i-ZAG eminyakeni engama-22 edlule, ecela ulwazi lwakhe olubanzi nenhlangano ekhiqiza i-aerospace kanye nosonkontileka wezokuvikela uMcDonald Douglas nanjengomeluleki we-Network Technology Group. UGatzke une-MBA ayithola ePepperdine University.
Isizinda sika-Gatzke sokulima e-Wisconsin sibe negalelo ekulolongeni ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile be-ZAG emkhakheni webhizinisi lezolimo kanye nemikhiqizo emisha. I-ZAG ixoxisana nezinhlangano ukuze zinikeze izakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezindaweni ezifana nekhompuyutha yamafu, ukwenziwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokuphathwa kwezinhlelo, kanye nobubanzi obugcwele bezinsizakalo eziphethwe.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezokuphepha kubalulekile
"Ezolimo yimboni eyenza inzuzo ngamaphoyinti edesimali," uGatzke etshela iVegetable Growers News. “Isebenza ngevolumu ephezulu, ngamamajini aphansi. Lokho akwehli kahle ekuvikelekeni kwe-IT. Kodwa bancike kulezi zinhlelo njengogandaganda. (Abasebenzi bezolimo) kufanele bavuthwe uma kukhulunywa ngomthelela wezobuchwepheshe.”
"Sisebenzisana nezinkampani ezindaweni ezimbili ezibalulekile - ukuthi zingavinjwa kanjani izigebengu, nokuthi zingalulama kanjani uma sezingenile," kusho uGatzke. “Ziningi izinto esingayenza ezingambi eqolo.”
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Ransomware okubhekiswe emkhakheni wokudla nezolimo kuphazamisa ukusebenza, kubangela ukulahlekelwa kwezimali futhi kube nomthelela omubi ohlelweni lokuhlinzekwa kokudla. I-Ransomware ingase ibe nomthelela kumabhizinisi kuwo wonke umkhakha, kusukela emapulazini amancane kuya kubakhiqizi abakhulu, abaprosesa nabakhiqizi, kanye nezimakethe nezindawo zokudlela. Amabhizinisi okudla nezolimo ahlukunyezwe yi-ransomware alahlekelwa kakhulu ngokwezimali ngenxa yezinkokhelo zesihlengo, ukulahlekelwa umkhiqizo kanye nezindleko zokulungisa.
"Bonke abacubungula (ukudla) yizinkampani zobuchwepheshe," kusho uGatzke ngomunye wemikhakha esengozini enkulu ye-ag world. “Awukwazi ukuphrinta ilebula ku-Post-it note.”
Izinkampani zingase futhi zithole ukulahlekelwa ulwazi lobunikazi kanye ne-PII, futhi zingase zilimale isithunzi ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwe-ransomware.
Phishekela okuyisisekelo
“Kunesidingo kuwo wonke amabhizinisi ezolimo ukuze kwakhiwe amazinga amancane, ayisisekelo okuphepha ukuze kuqiniswe izinhlelo zobuchwepheshe,” kusho uGatzke.
"Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ransomware kwakamuva ku-Colonial Pipeline kanye ne-JBS kuthinte uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka kanye nabathengi ngokuqondile, okugqamisa ubungozi obulethwa yilokhu kuhlaselwa kwe-inthanethi. Kunesidingo kuwo wonke amabhizinisi ezolimo ukuze kwakhiwe amazinga amancane, ayisisekelo okuphepha ukuze kuqiniswe izinhlelo zobuchwepheshe.”
Okungenani, uGatzke uthe kukholamu ayibhalele i-Western Growers, izinkampani kufanele:
1. Sebenzisa izindinganiso zokuphepha.
Izixazululo zokuphepha ezivikela inethiwekhi yenhlangano, njengamasistimu okuvikela amagciwane nezinqamulimlilo ezithuthukisiwe, kanye nezibuyekezo eziqhubekayo zesofthiwe nokuhlolwa kokuba sengozini, kuyizici ezidingekayo zesu lokuphepha lenkampani. Izinhlangano kufanele futhi zidinge ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi (i-MFA) kukho konke ukufinyelela okukude ne-imeyili. I-MFA inqubo eqinisekisa ubunikazi bomuntu ngezindlela ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuvumela ukufinyelela kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile noma ama-akhawunti. Ukuqaliswa kwe-MFA akubona ubuwula, kodwa kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuqiniseni ukuma kwezokuphepha kwenhlangano.
2. Ukwazi ukululama ngokushesha.
Izinhlangano kufanele zihlelele okubi kakhulu futhi zikwazi ukululama ngokushesha. Uma izigebengu zithola ukufinyelela kunethiwekhi yakho, zingase zicekele phansi izipele zakho? Ngokuvamile bazophumelela. Kumele bavikelwe. Izinhlangano kufanele zibe nesitoreji esithuthukisiwe esizivumela ukuthi zisebenzise izifinyezo ukuze zilulame ngokushesha.
3. Qiniseka ukuthi amadeskithophu akho avikelekile.
Abantu abaningi kakhulu be-IT bacabanga ngokubuyisela amaseva esikhungweni sedatha. Yindawo yethu enethezekile. Babuze ukuthi bazolulama kanjani uma yonke ideskithophu ibethelwe. Lokhu kungase kubaluleke kakhulu kunokulahlekelwa amaseva.
4. Yiba nohlelo olusemthethweni lokulungisa isimo senhlekelele, ukutholwa kwezigameko kanye nohlelo lokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi.
KUFANELE ibe nohlelo olusemthethweni lokuhlenga izinhlekelele oluchaza ukuthi bazozilungisa kanjani izinhlelo uma kwenzeka kuba nezinhlekelele. Enhlekeleleni, ibhizinisi lonke kufanele lazi ukuthi liphendule kanjani.
Uhlelo lwempendulo yesigameko (IR) lubalulekile ukuqondisa:
- Ukuthi ukuxhumana kuzokwenzeka kanjani kuyo yonke inkampani uma amasistimu ephansi.
- Ingabe isihlengo siyokhokhwa?
- Indlela umcimbi ozokwaziswa ngayo kumakhasimende nabathengisi.
- Nini futhi uma abomthetho, umshwalense nezinye izinhlaka zizosebenzisana.
Okokugcina, kufanele kudalwe uhlelo lokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi ukuze kufundiswe ibhizinisi ngokusebenza enhlekeleleni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imibuzo efana nalena:
- Ngabe umkhiqizo uzokhiqizwa kanjani ngaphandle kwamakhompyutha?
- Ama-oda azokwaziswa kanjani?
- Ngabe umkhiqizo uzokhethwa, ulebulwe futhi uthunyelwe kanjani?
Uhlelo lwe-IR akulona olwakwa-IT; kuhilela yonke inhlangano futhi kuyisihluthulelo somphumela oyimpumelelo uma kwenzeka ukugxambukela.
5. Thola ukuthi abahlinzeki bayingozi yini.
Isisho sakudala sithi izinhlangano zinamandla njengesixhumanisi sazo esibuthakathaka. Iqiniso elisha liwukuthi banamandla kuphela njengomphakeli wabo obuthakathaka. Uma abahlinzeki bakho besengozini futhi bengakwazi ukuletha, inhlangano yakho ingavalwa. Izinkampani kufanele zilawule abahlinzeki bazo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi banezivikelo ezikhona, nokuthi bavikelekile. Izibonelo zalokhu kuvikela zihlanganisa izindlela ezivikelekile zokufinyelela kude, ukuba khona kwe-inthanethi okuvikelekile, ukuvikelwa kwe-imeyili ukuze kumiswe ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi abanawo amagama okungena obala/amagama-mfihlo ku-DarkWeb.
6. Hlala uqaphile.
Yonke inkampani ye-ag incike kubuchwepheshe. Ubuchwepheshe bungasetshenziselwa ukuzuza inzuzo yokuncintisana yenhlangano yakho, kodwa bungaphinda bethule ubungozi ngaphandle kwesisekelo sokuvikeleka, ukunakekelwa, nokusekelwa. Qiniseka ukuthi inkampani yakho nabahlinzeki bakho banokuvikeleka okufanele nezinqubo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi singaqhubeka nokukhiqiza ukudla okudingwa yiMelika.
- Gary Pullano, umhleli