#PlantDisease #FungalPathogens #CropLoss #DiseaseResistance #Agriculture #CropManagement
I-Leptosphaeria maculans, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-blackleg fungus, iyi-pathogen enkulu yesikhunta ethinta izitshalo eziningi ze-cruciferous ezifana ne-canola, iklabishi, ne-broccoli. Isikhunta sibanga isifo esaziwa nge-blackleg, esingaholela ekulahlekelweni kwesivuno esikhulu, ukuncipha kwekhwalithi, kanye nokulahlekelwa kwezomnotho kubalimi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Black Ring Spot
Lesi sifo sisakazeka ngezinhlamvu, ezingaba khona emhlabathini noma zithwalwe umoya, amanzi, noma izinto zokusebenza. Isikhunta sithelela isitshalo ngamanxeba noma izimbobo zemvelo futhi sikhiqize ubuthi obubulala izicubu zesitshalo. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuvela kwezilonda ezimnyama esiqwini, ezingabopha futhi zibulale isitshalo. Lesi sifo singabangela nokuvuthwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokuphahlazeka kwembewu, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwesivuno kanye nekhwalithi yembewu.
Imiphumela Yentuthuko
Umthelela wendandatho emnyama ezitshalweni ze-cruciferous ungaba mkhulu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabangela ukwehluleka okuphelele kwezitshalo, okungaba nemiphumela ebalulekile yezomnotho kubalimi. Isikhunta singaphinde sinciphise izinga lesivuno esivunwayo, sisenze singakhangi kubathengi. Ukwengeza, lesi sifo singaqhubeka emhlabathini iminyaka eminingana, okwenza ukujikeleza kwezitshalo kube inselele futhi kwandise ingozi yokuqubuka kwekusasa.
Ukuvimbela Nokuphatha
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela isifo somlenze we-blackleg ukusebenzisa izitshalo ezimelana nezifo, ukushintshanisa izitshalo, nokugcina inhlanzeko yasensimini ngokususa izinsalela zezitshalo nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwenhlabathi. Ama-fungicides nawo angasetshenziswa ukuphatha lesi sifo, kodwa ukusebenza kwawo kungahluka kuye ngesikhathi kanye nobukhulu bokuqubuka kwaso.
Sengiphetha, i-Leptosphaeria maculans iwusongo olukhulu ezitshalweni ze-cruciferous, okubangela isifo se-black ring spot esingaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezomnotho kubalimi. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezifana nokusebenzisa ama-cultivar amelana nezifo, ukushintshanisa izitshalo, kanye nenhlanzeko yasensimini enhle kungasiza ekulawuleni lesi sifo futhi kunciphise umthelela waso.