#BlacklegFungus #PhomaLingam #AgriculturalCrops #FungalDiseases #CropManagement #PlantPathology #CropRotation #ResistantCrops #YieldLoss #EconomicLoss #PlantPathogen #FungusOutbreak
Imboni yezolimo ingomunye wemikhakha ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, ehlinzeka ngokudla kanye nempahla yokusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, izitshalo zezolimo zivame ukungenwa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nesikhunta. Esinye sezifo ezivame kakhulu ezithinta izitshalo yi-blackleg, ebangelwa ukhunta Phomali lingam. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umthelela wokuqubuka kwe-blackleg fungus, ukuthi ikhula kanjani kanye nemiphumela yokukhula kwayo.
I-Phoma lingam igciwane lesikhunta elihlasela izitshalo ezifana ne-canola, lwesinaphi, nezinye izitshalo ze-cruciferous. Isikhunta ngokuvamile singena esitshalweni ngamanxeba noma izimbobo zemvelo futhi sikhule esiqwini, sibangele ukubola. Lesi sifo sibonakala njengezilonda ezimnyama noma amachashaza esiqwini nasemaqabungeni, okubangela ukushwabana, ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, nokulahlekelwa isivuno esikhulu. Isikhunta singaphila iminyaka eminingana emfucumfucwini yomhlabathi nasezitshalweni, okwenza kube nzima ukusilawula nokusiqeda.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqubuka kwe-blackleg fungus kuncike ezicini ezahlukahlukene ezifana nezimo zezulu, ukujikeleza kwezitshalo, nokumelana kwesitshalo ku-pathogen. Izimo ezipholile nezimanzi zilungele ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta, okwenza izindlela zokuphatha izitshalo ezifana nokutshala ngesikhathi kanye nokushintshanisa izitshalo kubaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuqubuka. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingazweli nakho kubalulekile ekwehliseni umthelela wokuqubuka kwe-blackleg fungus.
Imiphumela yokuqubuka kwe-blackleg fungus ingaba yingozi kakhulu, kubangele ukulahlekelwa kwesivuno esikhulu, ukuncipha kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, nokulahlekelwa kwezomnotho kubalimi. Lesi sifo singase futhi siholele ekuveleni kwezinhlobo ezintsha ze-pathogenic, okwenza kube nzima ukuphatha nokulawula esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuqubuka kwesikhunta i-Вlackleg okubangelwa yi-pathogen Phoma lingam iyingozi enkulu ezitshalweni zezolimo. Izinqubo zokuphatha ngesikhathi ezifana nokushintshaniswa kwezitshalo, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingazweli, nokutshala ngesikhathi kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ubungozi bokuqubuka kwesifo. Ukuqonda umthelela wokuqubuka kwe-blackleg fungus kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amasu asebenzayo okulawula nokuphatha kwawo.