#PlantPathology #CropDisease #FungalOutbreak #AgriculturalImpact #PhomaPrevention #BlacklegManagement
I-Blackleg fungus, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Phoma Lingam, iyigciwane elithinta umndeni wezitshalo ze-brassica, okuhlanganisa i-canola, iklabishi, ne-broccoli. Lesi sikhunta singadala umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni, sinciphise isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokuthuthukiswa kokuqubuka kwe-blackleg fungus, imiphumela enayo kwezolimo, kanye nezinyathelo ezingenzeka zokuvimbela nokuphatha ukusabalala kwayo.
Ukuqubuka kwe-blackleg fungus kwaqala eYurophu ngawo-1970, kodwa manje sekusakazekele nakwamanye amazwekazi, kuhlanganise neNyakatho Melika ne-Australia. Isikhunta singaphila emhlabathini futhi sitshale imfucumfucu iminyaka emine, okwenza kube nzima ukulawula ukusabalala kwayo. Izinhlamvu zayo zingaphinde zihambe amabanga amade emoyeni nasemanzini, zithelele izitshalo ezinempilo ezindaweni ezintsha.
Uma i-blackleg fungus ihlasela izitshalo, idala izilonda ezimnyama eziqwini nasemaqabungeni. Lezi zilonda zingabopha iziqu, zehlise ukugeleza kwemisoco kanye namanzi kuso sonke isitshalo. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo singabuna, futhi amaqabunga awo angase abe phuzi noma abe nsundu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, isitshalo singase sife, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwesivuno kanye nemali engenayo kubalimi.
Ukuvimbela nokuphatha i-blackleg fungus, abalimi bangasebenzisa izinyathelo ezihlukahlukene. Ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo kungenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokunciphisa ingcuphe yokutheleleka njengoba ukhunta ungaphila emhlabathini kanye nemfucumfucu yezitshalo. Abalimi bangasebenzisa nezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingazweli, ezingangenwa kalula yisikhunta. Ama-fungicides angenye inketho, kodwa ukusebenza kwawo kungahluka kuye ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo kanye nobukhulu bokutheleleka.
Ukuqubuka kwe-blackleg fungus okubangelwa u-Phoma Lingam kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kwezolimo, kunciphise isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Abalimi kufanele bathathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokulawula ukusakazeka kwalesi sikhunta ukuze banciphise umthelela waso. Ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingazweli, kanye nemithi yokubulala isikhunta ngezinye zezindlela ezikhona zokulawula lesi sifo.