Ososayensi be-FEFU bakwazile ukwenza ukwakheka kukamanyolo we-organic, oklanyelwe ukutshala izitshalo endaweni engenasisekelo. Isekelwe entweni evela ku-anfeltia algae - isakhamuzi sasolwandle saseMpumalanga Ekude siqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto zokulandelela. I-concentrate yezakhi eziwumphumela isondele kakhulu ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi yemvelo, futhi isivele ikuqinisekisile ukusebenza kwayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuqala.
Ngaphezu kwamanzi nokukhanya kwelanga, izitshalo zidinga izakhi zokulandelela kanye nenani lezinye izingxenye ukuze zithuthuke. Ukuba khona kwabo noma ukungabikho kwabo akuthinti nje ubukhulu, ukunambitheka, iphunga nombala, kodwa futhi inani lamavithamini aqukethwe esithelweni. Kukholelwa ukuthi ezimweni zemvelo zonke izakhi ezidingekayo zesitshalo zithathwa emhlabathini nasemanzini emvelo.
Nokho, ukuze kuhlinzekwe izindawo ezinabantu abaningi ngokudla, lapho izindawo ezivundile zilinganiselwe, abantu kufanele baphendukele ekukhuliseni inani elikhulu lemifino endaweni yokwenziwa. Sikhuluma nge-hydroponics - izinhlelo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu lapho amahlumela athola khona umsoco hhayi emhlabathini, kodwa kusukela kusixazululo esizungeze izimpande. Ngokufanelekile, ukubunjwa kwayo kufanele kufane ngangokunokwenzeka emhlabathini wemvelo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kube nokuvumelana eduze namanzi, ukuze kungavimbeli izihlungi eziningi namaphampu lapho isisombululo sizungeza khona.
Inkomba: Umanyolo we-organic VS mineral
Kunezindlela eziningana zokulingisa ama-microelements enhlabathi. Eyokuqala ngosizo lwezithako zamaminerali, ezikhiqizwa ngamakhemikhali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyindlela elula futhi eshibhile yokwakha inkimbinkimbi yezakhi ezidingekayo ezitshalweni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkomba zokunambitheka kwezithelo ezitshalwe kumanyolo anjalo zingaba ngaphansi kakhulu kunemifino etshalwe enhlabathini yemvelo, ngoba ukwakheka kwezithasiselo kunqunyelwe.
Indlela yesibili umanyolo ophilayo, onesisekelo semvelo futhi adalwe emikhiqizweni yemvelo. Bakuvumela ukuthi ugcwalise izitshalo ngezinto ezidingekayo, ngenkathi ugcina ukunambitheka "kwemvelo" kanye nephunga. Kodwa-ke, "izinto eziphilayo" kunzima kakhulu ukuzithola zisesimweni esiwuketshezi, zingase futhi zibe namagciwane kanye nokungcola, ngakho-ke zisetshenziswa kancane kakhulu ezinhlelweni ze-hydroponic - kuyabiza futhi akusebenzi kahle ngezinga elikhulu lamabhizinisi.
Ukuze kuzuzwe izakhiwo zokunambitha ezithuthukisiwe, ama-cocktails kamanyolo amaminerali kanye ne-organic asetshenziswa kuma-hydroponics, ahlanganiswe ngezilinganiso ezahlukene. Ukusebenza kwalokhu kwakhiwa kuphezulu, noma kunjalo, izindleko zomanyolo wamabhizinisi aseRussia zivame ukuphakama kunamaminerali, ngoba izingxenye eziningi zivela kwamanye amazwe.
Ishibhile, inkulu, inambitheka kakhudlwana
Naphezu kobunzima obungenhla, ososayensi be-FEFU bakwazile ukwenza izingxenye zomanyolo we-organic kusuka ku-anfel algae okuhloswe ngazo izinhlelo ze-hydroponic. Umkhiqizo ovelayo, ngaphezu kwenani elikhulu lezakhi, ugcwele i-fulvic acid - umqhubi wemvelo wezakhi zokulandelela kumaseli ezimpande zesitshalo. Umanyolo unezinto ezinhle zokuhlunga futhi ufana nokuvumelana nesoso yesoya. Ukulungiswa okukhethekile kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nenqubo eyengeziwe yokukhishwa kwe-ultrasonic kuvumela ukukhipha amagciwane. Umphumela wokugxila komsoco ophephile futhi osebenzayo uhlanjululwa emanzini ngesilinganiso sika-1 kuya ku-100 noma 1 kuya ku-300, kuye ngezitshalo.
“Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi umanyolo okhona njengamanje awukho ezingeni eliphansi uma uqhathaniswa nomanyolo osezingeni eliphezulu. Isaladi esitshalwe emkhiqizweni wethu iqhathaniswa nobukhulu naleyo etshalwe ngesisombululo esingenisiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zomanyolo wethu ziphansi, futhi inani lemifino lizoba phezulu, njengoba linomsoco futhi lisezingeni eliphezulu, "kusho u-Alexey Belov, umphathi wephrojekthi, Ph.D., uProfessor woMnyango we Ukuqapha Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezinsiza Ze-Geo e-FEFU Polytechnic Institute.
Ngokusho kososayensi, ukuhlolwa ngesisombululo sezakhi ezitholiwe kuyaqhubeka, futhi ukwakheka kwesampula yezimboni kuzolungiswa ngendlela ezohambisana nokusebenza kahle kwezomnotho komanyolo wamaminerali.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithimba lososayensi kanye nabafundi lifunda umphumela wezakhi ezithile zokulandelela ezimpahleni ze-organoleptic zezitshalo. Abacwaningi bazama ukwakha ukwakheka okuhle kwezinto ezinikeza imifino inzuzo enkulu.
Kudingeka kokubili e-Arctic nasemkhathini
Ngokusho kwabamele le phrojekthi, i-organic hydroponics iyisiqondiso esithembisayo hhayi kuphela ezindlini ezinkulu zokugcina izithombo. Imakethe enkulu yalolo hlobo lukamanyolo yizinto ezikude, isibonelo, izindawo zokuhlala ezishintshayo, iziteshi zabahloli bezindawo ezishisayo, imikhumbi yamabanga amade. Lapha, isidingo semifino emisha singavalwa ngosizo lwezitsha ze-modular-greenhouses, ezizokuvumela ukuthi ukhule imifino emisha ngamavolumu anele. Izingoma zalezi zakhiwo ezincane ze-hydroponic kufanele zilinganisele ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze izakhamuzi zasemadolobheni akude kanye namabhizinisi zikwazi ukuhlukanisa ukudla kwazo ngemifino emnandi nenempilo.
Enye indawo enkulu ukuhlinzekwa kokudla kweziteshi zasemkhathini ezinesikhathi eside sokuhlala. I-Hydroponics ayikwazi nje ukuvala isidingo semifino emisha, kodwa futhi ikhulula umthwalo wokucindezeleka wosomkhathi, abajabulela ngokukhethekile ukubona izitshalo eziphila kude neplanethi yasekhaya. Kakade namuhla, ama-ejensi asemkhathini emhlabeni wonke atshala imali eningi ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zamandla amakoloni ku-Mars kanye nomsebenzi wesikhathi eside wasemkhathini. Ngokusho kuka-Alexey Belov, omunye wemikhiqizo edalwe kwa-FEFU izohloswe ukuthuthukisa izixazululo zezakhi zezikhungo ezikude.
“Uma kukhulunywa ngezinhlelo ze-hydroponics zemishini yesikhathi eside, umbuzo womanyolo we-organic unzima kakhulu. Umuntu angadla imifino engalingani etshalwe kumanyolo wamakhemikhali izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokuphatheka kabi. Kodwa uma uhambo lwasemkhathini luzohlala amashumi eminyaka, khona-ke umsoco osebenzayo futhi ophezulu-uyadingeka lapha, "kusho umphathi wephrojekthi.
Khumbula ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezintsha zomanyolo we-organic ku-FEFU kwenziwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lohlelo lwe-"Priority 2030" kanye ne-Advanced Engineering School "Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Food Systems". Inhloso yale phrojekthi ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha be-CRF bezinga eliphezulu le-agrobioengineering, kanye nokudala umugqa womkhiqizo osebenzayo nothengekayo womanyolo ovela ezinsizeni zasendaweni zaseMpumalanga Ekude.
Umthombo: https://poisknews.ru