Ochwepheshe begatsha laseKrasnoyarsk le-Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" sebeneminyaka emine besiza abakhiqizi bezolimo esifundeni ukuthola isidingo sezitshalo zama-macro- kanye nama-microelements kusetshenziswa ilabhorethri esebenzayo "Aquadonis". Le ndlela iya ngokuya ithandwa, njengoba ukufaka umquba ngesikhathi kubalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwazo zonke izilimo. Ukunikezwa kwamaminerali emhlabathini akwanele, futhi ukwethulwa komanyolo odingekayo kusiza ukugcwalisa ukuntuleka kwezakhi ezibalulekile ezidingekayo ekukhuleni, ekuthuthukisweni, ekuqhakazeni nasekutheleleni izitshalo zezolimo. Ngenxa yezakhi zokudla okunomsoco, ukumelana kwezitshalo ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nesikhunta kuyanda, izakhiwo eziguquguqukayo ezicini ezingezinhle zemvelo (isomiso, ukukhuphuka noma ukwehla kwamazinga okushisa) kuyanda.
Ngo-2022, ukuxilongwa kwamaqabunga kwenziwa emapulazini angu-27 ezifundeni ezingu-7 zesifunda (Karatuzsky, Krasnoturansky, Kuraginsky, Minusinsky, Uzhursky, Sharypovsky, Shushensky) endaweni engamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-35.04. Izitshalo zalezi zitshalo ezilandelayo zahlolwa: i-rye yasebusika, ukolweni wasebusika nentwasahlobo, ibhali, i-oats, uphizi, i-rapeseed, ummbila, i-soy, i-buckwheat, i-flax, i-clover, i-sunflower, i-alfalfa. Kulo nyaka wamanje, ingxenye enkulu yamasampuli ahlolisisiwe kwakuyizikhwebu zentwasahlobo - 56%, i-spring rapeseed - 14% kanye nommbila - 8%.
Njengomphumela wokuxilongwa, kwanqunywa ukuthi yiziphi izakhi ezidingekayo ukuze isitshalo sikhule ezigabeni ezihlukene zokukhula kwaso. Izitshalo zokusanhlamvu zasentwasahlobo zithola ukushoda okukhulu komanyolo wamaminerali ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokulima (Fig.1). Ngalesi sikhathi, izitshalo zokusanhlamvu zimunca ngaphezu kuka-40% i-nitrogen, kanye ne-phosphorus, enomthelela ekukhuleni kwesistimu yezimpande, ukwakheka kwendlebe enkulu, nokuvuthwa kwangaphambili kwezitshalo. Ngokuntuleka kwayo, izitshalo zimunca i-nitrogen ne-potassium kakhulu. Isikhathi esibucayi se-phosphorus ne-potassium yisikhathi sokuqala sokukhula, ngokuntula kwabo isivuno kwehla ngo-20-30%. Njengoba isiko likhula, isidingo sezakhi eziyisisekelo zokudla siyancipha kancane kancane.
Lezi zifundo zenziwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lokuqapha i-phytosanitary futhi zivumela ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwesimo sezitshalo. Ngokwemiphumela yocwaningo, abakhiqizi bezolimo banikezwa izincomo ngokufaka umanyolo wamaqabunga.