#peanuts#sustainability#legumecrop#climate-smartagriculture#regenerativeagriculture#reducedtillage#soilfertility#zero-wastecrop#greenhousegas#emissions#waterfootprint
Uma ucabanga ngamakinati, ungawabona njengokudla okulula noma isangweji, kodwa empeleni ayisikhungo esimeme sezitshalo. Amantongomane ayisitshalo se-legume esikhuthaza ukuvunda komhlabathi ngenkathi ekhiqiza isitshalo esinambitheka, esicebile ngamaprotheni. Adinga izinsiza ezincane uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amantongomane, engeza amakhilogremu angu-250 e-nitrogen ngehektare, futhi ngokwemvelo amelana nezinambuzane nezifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yonke ingxenye yesitshalo samantongomane isetshenziswa ekukhuleni noma emikhiqizweni yabathengi. Ukulima amantongomane kuyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sokulima okuhlakaniphile kwesimo sezulu noma okuvuselelayo okusekela ukulima okuncishisiwe, okwandisa ukuhlukahluka, futhi kugcine ikhabhoni emhlabathini.
Ngokwe-Peanut Institute, abalimi abaningi bashintshanisa izitshalo zabo zikakotini nommbila ngamakinati ukuze bagcwalise umhlabathi ngenxa yekhono lamantongomane lokulungisa initrogen. Amantongomane anothisa umhlaba nge-nitrogen, isakhi esiyinhloko sokutshala izithelo, imifino, nezinye izitshalo ezisebenzisa izakhi. Nakuba izitshalo eziningi ziqeda initrogen enhlabathini, amantongomane agcwalisa i-nitrogen, akhuthaze i-loam enomsoco. Amantongomane ngokwemvelo adinga umanyolo omncane ukuze kutshalwe isivuno esiningi, esiza ekunciphiseni izinto ezisetshenziswa ezolimo kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa emkhiqizweni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amantongomane ayisitshalo "esingenalutho", njengoba yonke ingxenye yesitshalo isetshenziswa ekukhuleni noma emikhiqizweni yabathengi. Isibonelo, amantongomane anamapellet enziwe ngezigodlo zamakinati asetshenziselwa ukudla kwezilwane nokubasela. “Utshani” bamantongomane obuvela emivini yezitshalo ezilahliwe bungabuye bufakwe emhlabathini njengomquba oluhlaza noma bunikezwe imfuyo njengokudla. Ukwengeza, i-biodiesel kuya ezimotweni zikagesi ikhiqizwa kusuka kuwoyela wamantongomane asetshenzisiwe noma alahliwe, futhi izikhumba zamakinati zinemisebenzi yazo ye-antioxidant ne-polyphenol-rich rich.
Ukulima amantongomane kuyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sokulima okuhlakaniphile kwesimo sezulu noma okuvuselelayo okusekela ukulima okuncishisiwe, okwandisa ukuhlukahluka, futhi kugcine ikhabhoni emhlabathini. Isibonelo, amantongomane ashintshashintshayo njengesitshalo sekhava angakwazi ukusekela ukulima okuncishisiwe, andise ukuhlukahluka, agcine inhlabathi imboziwe kanye nekhabhoni emhlabathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi adingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe amakinati kungenye indlela yokusimama kwe-legume encane. Amantongomane anezinyawo ezilula kunawo wonke amantongomane atshalwa e-US, ngokusho kweNational Peanut Board. Ngenxa yokuthi atshalwa ezindaweni eziseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-US futhi anenzuzo yemvula eningi, adinga amalitha ambalwa wamanzi ukuze akhiqize i-ounce yamantongomane angu-1.
Sengiphetha, amantongomane ayisikhungo samandla esimeme esisezingeni eliphansi esidlala indima enkulu ekusekeleni ukuvunda komhlabathi, ekwehliseni okokufaka kwezolimo kanye nokukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, kanye nokukhuthaza ezolimo ezihlakaniphile noma ezivuselelayo. Amantongomane ayisitshalo esingalahli lutho, futhi yonke ingxenye yesitshalo isetshenziswa ekukhuleni noma emikhiqizweni yabathengi. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala amantongomane kuyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sokusimama kwezolimo.