Izitshalo ezikhavayo bezilokhu zithola ukuduma kubalimi nochwepheshe bezolimo ngenxa yezinzuzo zabo ezingaba khona empilweni yenhlabathi, isivuno, kanye nokusimama kwemvelo. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lunikeza ukukhanya kokutholwe kwakamuva mayelana nemiphumela yezitshalo zokumboza empilweni yenhlabathi kanye nesivuno, nokuthi abalimi bangakwandisa kanjani ukusetshenziswa kwazo.
Ngokocwaningo lwakamuva olushicilelwe ku-Scientific Reports, izitshalo zekhava zingathuthukisa kakhulu impilo yenhlabathi ngokuthuthukisa i-organic matter, i-microbial diversity, kanye nokujikeleza kwezakhi. Ucwaningo, oluhlaziye izindatshana zocwaningo eziyi-144 eziphathelene nezitshalo zokumboza, lwathola ukuthi izitshalo ezisithekile zandisa izinto eziphilayo zomhlabathi nge-avareji yama-20% kanye ne-microbial biomass ngesilinganiso esingama-28%. Ukwengeza, izitshalo zokumboza zithuthukise ukuhamba kwamabhayisikili okunomsoco, ikakhulukazi i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, ngesilinganiso sama-59% nama-21% ngokulandelanayo.
Impilo yenhlabathi ethuthukisiwe ingaba nezinzuzo ezibalulekile zesivuno nekhwalithi yezitshalo. Olunye ucwaningo olushicilelwe ku-Agronomy Journal luthole ukuthi izitshalo zekhava zenyusa isivuno sombila ngesilinganiso esingu-4.1 bu/ac kanye nesivuno sikabhontshisi wesoya ngesilinganiso esingu-2.6 bu/ac. Ucwaningo luphinde lwathola ukuthi izitshalo zokumboza zinciphisa umfutho wokhula, amandla okugcina amanzi enhlabathini athuthukisiwe, kanye nesakhiwo senhlabathi esithuthukisiwe, konke okungaba nomthelela ekuvuneni okuphezulu.
Abalimi bangathuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo zokumboza ngokukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele, izindlela zokutshala, kanye nesikhathi sokuqeda. Ngokwendatshana yokubuyekezwa kwakamuva eshicilelwe kwethi Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezisibekelayo ezisifanela kahle isimo sezulu sendawo kanye nezimo zenhlabathi zingathuthukisa izinzuzo zazo zempilo yenhlabathi kanye nesivuno. Ukutshala izitshalo zokumboza usebenzisa izindlela zokungawulimi noma zokunciphisa umhlabathi kungandisa izinzuzo zezempilo zomhlaba ngokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka nokuguguleka kwenhlabathi. Isikhathi sokuqeda sibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izitshalo zokumboza aziqhudelani nezitshalo zemali ukuthola imisoco namanzi.
Sengiphetha, okutholakele ocwaningweni lwakamuva kukhombisa ukuthi izitshalo zokumboza zingathuthukisa kakhulu impilo yenhlabathi kanye nesivuno, zibe nomthelela ekusimameni kwemvelo. Ngokukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele zezitshalo zokumboza, izindlela zokutshala, kanye nesikhathi sokuqeda, abalimi bangakwazi ukusebenzisa kahle izilimo ezikhavayo futhi bathole izinzuzo zazo.