Isingeniso Sezeluleko Namaqhinga Okulima Ingadi Yemifino: Imifino kulula kakhulu ukuyitshala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinelanga futhi awudingi igceke elikhulu ukwakha imifino ingadi. Imifino ilayishwa ngezinto ezibalulekile ezahlukene izakhi ezikhuthaza impilo engcono, okuhlanganisa ama-antioxidants namavithamini. Izimo ezidingekayo zemifino ukulima indawo, ukuhlela ingadi, ukulungisa inhlabathi, ukukhetha imbewu nezitshalo, ukutshala isivuno, nokunakekela izitshalo zize zilungele ukuvunwa. Kulesi sihloko siphinde sixoxe ngezihloko ezingezansi mayelana nengadi yemifino;
- Uqala futhi uyigcine kanjani ingadi yemifino?
- Izindlela ezilula zokukhulisa imifino ibe mikhulu futhi ngokushesha
- Imfihlo yokulima ingadi yemifino
- Amaqhinga okwenza ingadi yemifino ibe yimpumelelo
- Imifino ehamba phambili ekhula ezitsheni
- Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokunisela izitshalo zemifino
- Izimfihlo zokunisela izitshalo zemifino
- Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokutshala imifino engadini
- Amaqhinga ezingadi zemifino ezithela kakhulu
- Isikhathi esihle sokutshala ingadi yemifino
Imifino yasekhaya imane inambitheke kangcono kunanoma yini ongayithenga esitolo. Ingadi yemifino kulula ukuyiqala futhi ayidingi mzamo omkhulu njengoba umuntu angase acabange ukuyigcina ikhula iqinile. Ukukhulisa imifino engadini kungaba yindlela yokonga imali ngenkathi usondelana nemvelo. Ukunambitheka nokuthungwa kwezitshalo ezitshalwe engadini kungcono nakakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho ojwayele ukukuthola esitolo segrosa. Bese, landela le mifino amathiphu engadi namaqhinga ukuze uthole isivuno esihle.
Amathiphu Okwenza Ingadi Yemifino (Ukutshala), Amacebo, Imibono, kanye Namasu Abasaqalayo
Ukukhula kwezitshalo zemifino engadini kuyajabulisa futhi kuyazuzisa. Okudingayo ukuze uqalise inhlabathi ehloniphekile, izitshalo ezimbalwa, namathiphu athile okukhula. Kodwa ukuze ube umlimi ophumelelayo wengadi futhi ukwenze ngendlela ephilayo uzodinga ukuqonda ukuthi yini edingekayo ukuze ugcine izitshalo ziphilile futhi zinamandla. Ukutshala izitshalo zemifino kalula kwabaqalayo kufaka phakathi uBeet, Izaqathi, Ulethisi, Imifino, Squash, Utamatisi, Ukhukhamba, Nobhontshisi.
Amathiphu Wokukhetha Indawo Engcono Kakhulu Yokukhulisa Imifino
- Izitshalo eziningi zemifino zenza kangcono elangeni eligcwele futhi zithole indawo ethola okungenani amahora angu-6 usuku ngalunye uma kungenzeka. Ngokufanelekile, ngokutshala imifino, ufuna indawo enelanga okungenani amahora angu-8 ngosuku.
- Indawo yengadi yemifino incike ezintweni ezithile njengokuthi idinga okungenani amahora angu-6 okukhanya kwelanga nsuku zonke, ukugeleza kahle kwamanzi kanye nokuhamba komoya, kanye nendawo esezingeni elinenhlabathi evulekile futhi enothile. Khona-ke, indawo ekhethiwe kufanele ibe umthombo oseduze wamanzi nokufinyelela okulula kokugcinwa kwamathuluzi nezinto zokusebenza.
- Ukukhetha indawo enhle yengadi yemifino kubalulekile futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni kwezitshalo. Kunezitshalo ezimbalwa zemifino ezizobekezelela umthunzi othile.
- Ikhipha kahle futhi ayihlali imanzi. Uma umhlabathi ongakhami kahle amanzi lapho amachibi anamanzi khona, tshala imifino embhedeni ophakanyisiwe noma umugqa ophakanyisiwe ukuze ukhiphe amanzi athuthuke. Uma unenhlabathi enamatshe, lima futhi ususe amadwala, njengoba azophazamisa ukukhula kwezimpande futhi enze izitshalo zemifino ezibuthakathaka.
Qala ngesikhala esincane: Uma ungumlimi osaqala, qala kancane. Kungcono ukufunda izisekelo ezimbalwa zezingadi zemifino ngaphambi kokutshala isikhathi nemali kule nto entsha yokuzilibazisa. Usayizi omuhle wengadi yemifino yomuntu oqalayo ungamafidi angu-6x6. Ukukhula imifino ezimbizeni or iziqukathi futhi kuyindlela enhle yokuqala.
Ukulungiswa Kwenhlabathi Yokulima Imifino
Izitshalo zemifino zidonsa umsoco wazo emhlabathini, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuthi inhlabathi engcono kakhulu, imifino engcono izonambitha kufika isikhathi sokuvuna. Enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuthuthukisa inhlabathi ngokungeza izinto eziphilayo. Ungakwazi ukumboza nge-mulch ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezifana notshani, isibonelo, okuhle kakhulu ezingadini zemifino. Khumbula ukuthi umhlabathi ongcono kakhulu ofanele ukutshala imifino uhlanganisa eziningi umquba futhi eziphilayo udaba. Uma ingxube yenhlabathi ilungile futhi izobopha ndawonye uma uyikhama kodwa igqashuke kalula lapho iphazamiseka. Lo mhlabathi ugcwele ama-microorganisms aphilayo asiza ukondla izitshalo zakho zemifino futhi anikeze isivuno esiphezulu. Amanzi azogcinwa ngokwanele kodwa ngeke agcwalise umhlabathi.
Umhlabathi uyikho konke – Inhlabathi enempilo futhi enothile iyisihluthulelo sengadi yemifino ephumelelayo nekhiqizayo. Khona-ke, a ukuhlolwa kwenhlabathi izokunikeza umbono wokuvunda komhlabathi wakho okhona kanye nezinga le-pH, futhi inikeze nokusikisela kokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo umquba. Ngokuvamile, imifino inhlabathi yensimu kufanele ikhule kahle futhi ikhululeke. Akufanele kube nzima kakhulu (isb inhlabathi yobumba) noma kunesihlabathi kakhulu.
Izinga le-pH lomhlabathi lezitshalo zemifino - Nakuba izimfuneko eziqondile zezinga le-pH ezitshalweni zemifino ziyehluka kancane, ngokuvamile, inhlabathi engadini yemifino kufanele iwe endaweni ethile ibe ngu-6 no-7. Uma inhlabathi yengadi yemifino ihlola kakhulu ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzodingeka wehlise i-pH yenhlabathi. Uma inhlabathi ekuhlolweni kwengadi yakho yemifino yehla kakhulu kuno-6, kuzodingeka ukhuphule izinga le-pH lenhlabathi yengadi yakho yemifino. Uhlobo lomhlabathi lungathola ukuthi yimiphi imifino ekhula kangcono kuwe. Ukwazi uhlobo lomhlabathi ikuvumela ukuthi unqobe izinkinga ezithile ezikhulayo njengoba ungakwazi ukulungisa umhlaba ngendlela efanele.
Ukuthuthukisa Umhlaba Wakho – Noma ngabe uluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi wakho, izinto eziphilayo ezifana nomquba wasekhaya kanye nesikhunta samaqabunga kufanele kwengezwe njalo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakheka kanye nokuqukethwe kwezakhi. Noma kunjalo, izinto eziphilayo zisiza ukuphula inhlabathi yobumba enzima, ithuthukise ukugeleza kwamanzi, futhi ibophe ndawonye inhlabathi enesihlabathi, ukwenza ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi nezakhamzimba. Ngokungeza izinto eziphilayo kungehlisa kancane izinga le-pH lomhlabathi libe sezingeni elilungele imifino eminingi.
Okunye okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile ngaphambi kokuba uqale yisimo senhlabathi yakho. Izingadi zemifino zizoba nobunzima ekuchumeni ngaphandle kokufanelekile ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi. Sula indawo ekhethiwe yokhula nezinye imfucumfucu, njengamatshe, izinti, njll., futhi ugeze ingaphezulu ngokushelela. Umquba usiza kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukuthungwa, ukuvunda, nokukhipha amanzi emhlabathini. Ngemva kokuba inhlabathi endaweni oyifunayo isisetshenzwe kahle, usulungele ukuqala ukutshala ingadi yakho yemifino.
Amacebiso Okukhetha Izitshalo Zemifino
Tshala Imifino Ekhiqiza Kakhulu
Uma uchithe isikhathi nendawo ukhula izitshalo zemifino ezikhiqiza isivuno esikhulu. Izitshalo zidinga inani elincane lendawo nesikhathi, kodwa zinikeze isivuno esibaluleke kakhulu ngokubuyisela. Khetha lokho othanda ukukudla. Cabangela ukutholakala kwemifino esitolo sakho segrosa. Sebenzisa imbewu yemifino yezinga eliphezulu. Amaphakethe embewu awabizi kakhulu uma eqhathaniswa nesitshalo ngasinye, kodwa uma imbewu yemifino ingaqhumi, imali yakho nesikhathi kuyamoshwa. Amasenti ambalwa engeziwe asetshenziswe ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo embewu yalowo nyaka azokhokha ngesivuno esiphezulu ngesikhathi ukuvuna.
Tshala Imifino Efanele Yesifunda Sakho
Ukutshala imifino ngesikhathi esifanele kuzothuthukisa kakhulu isivuno sakho kanye nesivuno. Izitshalo eziningi zemifino ziyingxenye eyodwa yamaqembu amabili esizini epholile izitshalo kanye nezitshalo zenkathi efudumele. Usuku lokutshala lwemifino ngayinye luncike kakhulu esimweni sezulu imifino engasibekezelela kangcono. Imifino yenkathi epholile ikhula kahle kakhulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kanye nenkathi yasekwindla lapho isimo sezulu sipholile. Imifino yesizini efudumele ikhula kahle kakhulu ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ehlobo, nasekuqaleni kwekwindla lapho isimo sezulu sifudumele.
Ukukhetha Imbewu Yemifino noma Izithombo
Tshala imbewu efanele yemifino ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi imifino yasengadini elula izozikhulela ngokwayo. Futhi, ungaphumula kalula wazi ukuthi imifino yakho izohlala isanda kukhiwa futhi ayinazo izibulala-zinambuzane.
Ungaqala imifino yakho kusuka enzalweni noma uthenge izithombo. Kunezinzuzo ezithile ezibalulekile komunye nomunye. Ukutshala imbewu yakho yemifino kubiza kancane kunokuthenga izithombo. Futhi, ungakwazi ukukhulisa izinhlobo okunzima ukuzithola. Kodwa-ke, ukuqala kwembewu akukona okwawo wonke umuntu. Zidinga amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-16 okukhanya ngosuku kanye nokujikeleza komoya okuhle ukuze zikhule ziqinile. Futhi, awukwazi neze ukuvumela imbewu yome, noma i-toast. Ngokuphambene, uma ubanikeza amanzi amaningi, bayohlala befile. Khona-ke, ukugwema lokhu, ungenza isiqalo sembewu sokuzichelela. Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe ukuthi iyiphi imbewu ozoyitshala, bheka noma uhlele isakhiwo sengadi yakho ngokucophelela. Khumbula ukuthi imifino idinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi ukuze ikhule ibe mikhulu, ngakho-ke khetha indawo lapho imbewu yakho izothola ukuchayeka kakhulu elangeni.
Imifino Elula Engakhula Engadini
Uma kwenzeka uphuthelwa lokhu: Indlela Yokukhulisa Imifino Ehlobo.
Ulethisi – Ulethisi isitshalo esikhula kalula ngonyaka. Ibhekwa njengesitshalo sasentwasahlobo nekwindla, i ulethisi isitshalo siyakhula uma amazinga okushisa ephakathi kuka-60 kuya ku-70F. Indawo ekahle yokutshala ulethisi ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nekwindla isendaweni ethola ilanga eligcwele. Ungakwazi ukuvuna ulethisi wamaqabunga ngaphandle kwesitshalo, futhi ushiye ihlumela eliphakathi ukuze likhule amaqabunga amaningi, noma ungasika sonke isitshalo phansi.
Ubhontshisi – Ubhontshisi uthanda umhlabathi ocebile one-pH ene-acidic kancane futhi ungakwazi ukuchibiyela umhlabathi ngezinto eziphilayo. Ubhontshisi uyathanda ukutshalwa emhlabathini owondleke kahle, nomquba owenziwe ekhaya noma umquba ukuba ngabahlinzeki abafanelekile bokudla okuhle. Isikhathi sokuvuna sishintsha kakhulu, kuye ngohlobo lukabhontshisi kanye nesigaba osifunayo noma isimo sikabhontshisi: i-snap/green, igobolondo, noma yomile.
Radishes – Imithombo ikhula ngokushesha, futhi iningi lisuka embewini liye kokuvuna ngenyanga nje. Futhi azidingi isikhala esiningi futhi zingakhula ezitsheni ezinobude obungama-intshi angu-4 kuya ku-6.
utamatisi - Ukutshala utamatisi ezitsheni kulula kakhulu futhi kuyanelisa ngendlela emangalisayo. Utamatisi omusha kanye nowasekhaya yisizathu sokuthi abantu abaningi baqale ukulima ingadi yemifino. Banedumela lokuba nengxabano, kodwa uma wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele, ukukhulisa utamatisi akuhluphi.
I-broccoli – I-Brokholi isitshalo esinesimo sezulu esipholile esikhula kahle kakhulu entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ingatshalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuze kuvunwe ehlobo, noma ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ukuze ivunwe ngenkathi yokuwa. Ukuze ugweme isithwathwa, i-broccoli izitshalo zingatshalwa futhi endlini futhi zidluliselwe engadini lapho amazinga okushisa ekhuphuka. Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu ebhodweni noma isitsha, khulisa isitshalo se-broccoli esisodwa ebhodweni ngalinye futhi izimbiza kufanele zibe amayintshi angu-12 kuya kwangu-16 ukushona.
I-Zucchini - yisithombo zucchini elangeni eligcwele emhlabathini ogcwele umquba futhi okhishwe kahle. Izitshalo zasemkhathini cishe ngamafidi angu-2 ukuya kwangu-4 zihlinzeka ngokujikeleza komoya futhi zinqande izifo. Izitshalo zeZucchini zikhula kahle kakhulu ngokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Bese, lungisa indawo engadini yakho enelanga eligcwele futhi ecebile, i-loamy inhlabathi. Ungaxuba umquba wemvelo emhlabathini ukusiza i-zucchini yakho ikhule.
Pepper – Ukukhula pepper kulula kakhulu. Izitshalo zikapelepele ngokuvamile zidinga okungenani amahora angu-6 kuya kwangu-8 okukhanya kwelanga ngosuku. Izitshalo zikapelepele zidinga ilanga eligcwele ukuze zikhiqize ezinkulu nezinempilo kakhulu izithelo, ngakho khetha isayithi elingeke lithole umthunzi ngezihlahla noma ezinye izitshalo zasengadini. Umhlabathi kufanele ukhiphe kahle, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ugcina umswakama owanele noma nge-mulch noma isembozo sepulasitiki.
Izaqathe – Izaqathi zidinga inhloso yonke, umanyolo omnene njengawo izilwane zasolwandle kanye nomquba. Ukuze ukhule izaqathi, sebenzisa inhlabathi egayiwe kahle ehlanganiswe ne-peat moss, i-coco-peat, nomquba. Khumbula ungasebenzisi ingadi noma Isimo sezwe umhlabathi wokutshala izaqathi ezitsheni. Izaqathi zingakhula kahle ezimbizeni ezinkulu eziyindilinga kanye nasezitsheni eziwunxande. Ibhodwe eliyindilinga elinobubanzi obungu-18-intshi lingasetshenziswa, noma isitsha esiwunxande esinokujula okungenani okungamamitha angu-1 kufanele sisetshenziswe. Futhi, zingatshalwa ezikhwameni zokukhula. Kwe Winter isizini, enezimo ezikahle zokukhula, izaqathi zingavunwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-60 zembewu ukuhlwanyela.
I-Peas – Uphizi ungatshalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo bese kuthi uma sekupholile ekwindla. Ama-peas alungele ukutshala ngokulandelana ngoba anothisa umhlabathi nge-nitrogen. Ama-peas afana nomhlabathi ocebile futhi okhishwe kahle.
UBeetroot – I-Beetroot ikhetha indawo elangeni eligcwele. Thuthukisa umhlabathi ngokumba kumquba obole kahle - gwema umanyolo nezinye izithuthukisi zenhlabathi entsha ngoba zingaholela ekubhodleleni noma izimpande zingakhuli ngendlela efanele. Ama-beet angatshalwa kahle ezitsheni zenhlabathi esezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu akhule emhlabathini olungiselelwe kahle. Ama-beet adinga indawo enelanga, evulekile kanye nezimo ezimanzi, ezivundile. Ngokuvamile, ama-Beet angavunwa kusukela kusayizi webhola legalofu kuze kufike kusayizi webhola lethenisi. Ukuze uvune, qoqa isisekelo seziqu bese usonta impande enhlabathini, noma futhi, sebenzisa imfoloko ukuzimba.
Ugalonci – I-Squash iyimifino elula ukuyitshala, futhi squash izimbali zinhle futhi zintekenteke ezidliwayo. Ama-squash amaningi adinga indawo eningi kanye nesitsha esikhulu ngokunengqondo. Izimo ezikahle zokutshala i-squash zihlanganisa ukukhanya okuningi, inhlabathi enhle, kanye nokunisela okungaguquguquki nokudla.
Amathiphu Namasu Okwenza Ingadi Yemifino Yesitsha
Ungase futhi uhlole lokhu: Indoor Vegetable Farming.
Okukhudlwana kungcono - Inselele enkulu yokutshala imifino ezitsheni ukunisela njengoba inhlabathi yoma ngokushesha ezitsheni kunangaphansi komhlaba. Umthamo omkhulu wenhlabathi ngeke wome ngokushesha, ngakho-ke khetha ibhodwe elikhulu kakhulu lengadi ongalithola. Khona-ke, qiniseka ukuthi zonke iziqukathi zinezimbobo ukuze amanzi adlulele akwazi ukuphuma emhlabathini.
Imifino Ephezulu Yeziqukathi - Imifino engcono kakhulu etshalwa ezitsheni uBeet, Iklabishi, Izaqathi, Ukhukhamba, Isitshalo Seqanda, Ubhontshisi Oluhlaza, Kohlrabi, Ulethisi, U-anyanisi, Uphizi, Upelepele, Imithombe, Isipinashi, I-Summer Squash, I-Swiss Chard, Utamatisi, kanye Ne-Winter Squash.
Amathiphu Okunakekela Okwenza Ingadi Yesitsha Ngemifino
- Ngokuvamile, izimbiza zobumba zikhanga kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nepulasitiki. Khona-ke, ukuze uthole okuhle kakhulu kukho kokubili, shutheka ibhodwe lepulasitiki embizeni yobumba enkulu.
- Izitshalo zemifino ezitshalwe ezimbizeni kufanele ziphuziswe kabili ngosuku. Ukugcina izitshalo zemifino zipholile ngokwanele futhi zimanzi ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Faka ibhodwe elincane ngaphakathi kwelikhulu bese ugcwalisa isikhala phakathi kwabo nge-sphagnum moss noma iphephandaba elishwabene.
- Obhasikidi abalengayo basebenzisa kahle indawo eyengeziwe, futhi amakhambi, utamatisi we-cherry, nama-strawberries atshalwa ezingeni lamehlo angamane anakekelwe futhi avunwe.
- Izitshalo zemifino ezingatshalwa kabusha kalula zifaneleka kangcono iziqukathi futhi ukufakelwa kabusha kungathengwa ezindaweni zendawo noma kuqalwe ekhaya. Okuphakelayo izitshalo zemifino yesitsha okungenani kabili ngenyanga ngomanyolo owuketshezi, ulandela imiyalelo ekulebula.
- Beka iziqukathi lapho izitshalo zizothola ukukhanya kwelanga okuphezulu kanye nomoya omuhle. Qaphela futhi ulawule izinambuzane.
Amaqhinga Okunisela Afanelekile Ezingadi Zemifino
Izitshalo zemifino ziyazuza esimisweni sokunisela esingaguquki. Amanzi amancane kakhulu futhi ungase ungazitholi nhlobo izitshalo zemifino. Kakhulu, futhi ungakwazi ukuminza izimpande zesitshalo bese wonakalisa isithelo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuchelela okungaguquki, sebenzisa umbhobho wokunisela ezingeni eliphansi ukuze ulethe ngisho nomswakama ezitshalweni zemifino ezimpandeni zazo.
Imifino eminingi idinga intshi engu-1 yamanzi ngeviki, okuhlanganisa noma iyiphi imvula yemvelo, eyanele. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi ekhiqizayo yokunisela iwukusebenzisa ama-soaker hoses kanye ukuvuza imigqa. Ngemva kwalokho, lezi ziletha amanzi kancane kancane, lapho okuhlosiwe zivumela izimpande isikhathi sokumunca umswakama kanye nenhlabathi ukuze zikhiphe amanzi ngokwanele futhi zisize ukugcina amahlamvu omile. Amahlamvu amanzi isikhathi eside angadala izifo ezithile.
Isikhathi esihle sokunisela izitshalo zemifino kusesekuseni kakhulu, kusapholile. Ukunisela isitshalo ekuseni kakhulu kuzokwenza ukuthi amanzi atholakale ezitshalweni usuku lonke ukuze izitshalo zizokwazi ukubhekana kangcono nokushisa kwelanga. Isinyathelo sokuqala sokulungisa ukuchelela izitshalo zemifino siyaqonda ukubaluleka kwamanzi ezitshalweni zakho. Imifino evamile yakhiwe ngamanzi angaphezu kwama-80%. Ezinye izinhlobo, ezifana ne-Broccoli, I-Lettuce, ne-Celery, zidlula u-90% emanzini azo.
Kuzokusiza uma ukwazi ukukala kahle ukuthi angakanani amanzi atholwa engadini yakho yemifino. Ukuna kwemvula okungaguquki kuzonciphisa inani lokunisela, kodwa ufuna ukwazi ukuthi angakanani amanzi atholwa ingadi yemifino. Ukubeka igeji yemvula engadini kuyindlela enhle yokuqapha amazinga.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuchelela izitshalo zemifino wukwenza umsebenzi ekuseni kakhulu. Ukunisela ekuseni kakhulu kusho ukuthi uzolahlekelwa amanzi amancane njengoba umoya ufudumala futhi uhwamuka. Uma uphuzisa imifino ngesikhathi sasekuseni, noma yimaphi amanzi aqoqana emaqabunga ezitshalo ayoba nethuba lokumisa. Bese, lokhu kusho ukuthi uzoba nezitshalo ezinempilo ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane.
Izivundisi Ezingcono Kakhulu kanye Namasu Okukhulisa Imifino
Ukuvundisa okunokulinganisela kungukunikezwa okufanele kwazo zonke izakhamzimba njengama-macros nama-micros ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesitshalo. Lezi zakhi zenza izitshalo zemifino zikhule. Lapho izakhi zomhlabathi zishoda noma zishoda, izitshalo zemifino ziyahlupheka ukuntula izakhi futhi ayeke ukukhula. Abalimi baphendukela kumanyolo ngoba lezi zinto zinezakhi zezitshalo njenge-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potassium. Njengoba imifino idinga i-nitrogen kanye nezinye izakhamzimba ezitholakala kalula, ezengeziwe Umanyolo we-organic isetshenziselwa ukudla okusheshayo. Abalimi abaningi bezitshalo bengeza umquba noma inhlabathi egcwele umquba ngokufaka i-emulsion yezinhlanzi noma umquba itiye. Ifafazwa nxazonke zezitshalo zemifino njalo emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu noma njengoba kudingeka.
Ngokuvamile, zonke izitshalo zemifino zidinga umsoco ngezilinganiso ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lwesitshalo;
- Izakhi ezibalulekile ezifana ne-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium
- Izakhi zesibili (i-calcium, i-magnesium, isulfure)
- Ama-micronutrients afana ne-boron, i-chlorine, insimbi, i-manganese, ithusi, i-molybdenum, ne-zinc ayadingeka ekukhuleni kwezitshalo zemifino.
Amathiphu Okwelapha Izinkinga Zengadi Yemifino
Ezinye izifo zemifino zithatha amandla azo ezitshalweni ezikhula kuzo. Banesibopho somonakalo omkhulu futhi bakhuthazwa izimo zezulu ezimanzi, ukungahambi kahle kwamanzi, noma ukungahambi kahle komoya. Imifino izifo zezitshalo zihlukaniswa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezimpawu ezifana nokukhunta, ukushwabana, utwayi, amabala, ukugqwala, nokubola.
Isinyathelo sakho sokuqala ekulweni nezifo ukukhetha izitshalo zemifino ezingazweli. Ezinye izindlela zokunciphisa izifo ezingadini zemifino zihlanganisa ukugcina indawo ekhulayo ihlanzekile, ukunisela kahle nokufaka umquba izitshalo, izitshalo ezishintshayo, kanye nokusebenzisa imbewu engenazifo kanye nezitshalo zokuqala.
Ngokuvamile, ukuhlasela okukhulu kwezinambuzane nezifo kungabulala izitshalo zemifino. Ukuhlola ngokucophelela izitshalo zemifino njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-2 noma ezingu-3, ukunaka okukhethekile ngaphansi kwamaqabunga awo futhi ukudubula, noma igatsha, amathiphu, nokwelapha izinkinga ngokushesha, kuvimbela ukuhlaselwa okunzima. Susa zonke izimbungulu ozibona ezitshalweni zemifino, bese uzifaka ebhakedeni lamanzi anensipho. Ukufafaza izitshalo zemifino ngensipho ebulala izinambuzane esilungele ukusetshenziswa nakho kulawula izinambuzane eziningi kodwa kugwema ukufutha elangeni elishisayo. Mboza zonke izingxenye zezitshalo zemifino, bese ufutha futhi masonto onke noma usebenzise insipho ebulala izinambuzane ngokwemiyalelo yomkhiqizi wayo.
Izinkinga zesikhunta ezitshalweni zemifino zingalawulwa ngokunciphisa izimo zomswakama ophezulu kanye nokwenza ngcono ukujikeleza komoya. Ezimweni eziningi, isifutho se-fungicidal noma uthuli kuzodingeka ekwelapheni izifo zezitshalo. Uma nje uqhuba lezi zinyathelo ezishiwo kuze kube manje, usuvele uthathe izinyathelo ezanele zokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezitshalo zemifino enempilo ekwazi kangcono ukumelana nokuhlasela kwezinambuzane ezingase zibe khona. Khumbula ukuthi ungalokothi usebenzise izibulala-zinambuzane ekuseni lapho impova nezinambuzane eziwusizo zisebenza kakhulu. Uma kungenjalo, uzowabulala futhi futhi kungcono kakhulu ukungasebenzisi amakhemikhali engadini yokudla, kuzo zonke izindawo. Kunalokho, gxila ekukhuliseni izitshalo zemifino enempilo enenhlabathi enhle nezimo ezinelanga futhi uvumele imvelo ithathe indawo yayo. Synthetic ngisho eziningi eziphilayo noma izibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo ayizikhetheli okusho ukuthi zizobulala izinambuzane ezizuzisayo futhi.
Nciphisa amathuba okuba nezifo zokukhunta ngokunisela inhlabathi, hhayi amaqabunga ezitshalo zemifino. Uma usebenzisa a isifafaza, kwenze ekuseni kakhulu ukuze amaqabunga esitshalo azokoma ngokuhlwa. Uma isitshalo siba isisulu sezifo, sisuse ngokushesha futhi usilahle kudoti; futhi ungangezi izitshalo ezigulayo enqwabeni yakho yomquba. Futhi, ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela izifo zihlanganisa ukutshala izinhlobo zemifino ezifakwe ohlwini olungazweli ezifweni kanye nokushintsha indawo yezitshalo zakho unyaka nonyaka (ukuzungezisa isivuno) ukunciphisa amagciwane adala izifo ukuthi akhe abantu bawo.
Amathiphu Okuvuna Imifino kanye namaTechniques
Ukuvuna kuyisinyathelo esanelisa kakhulu engadini yemifino, futhi akuthathi okuningi ukukulungisa. Khetha izitshalo zakho zemifino ngokushesha nje lapho sezifinyelele ubukhulu obunembile lapho uzozijabulela khona. Futhi lapho uvuna noma yini ngaphandle kwezitshalo zezimpande, kuwumqondo omuhle ukusebenzisa izithena, isikelo, noma ummese ukuze ukhiphe okudingayo; futhi uma uzama ukudonsa amaqabunga, uzibeka engcupheni yokulimaza isitshalo semifino ngisho nokusiphula esitsheni.
Uma imifino evuthiwe ingasuswa kalula esitshalweni futhi inqunywe ngommese. Khona-ke, ukunyathela amahlamvu amanzi kusiza ekusakazeni izifo zezitshalo. Vuna imifino uma yomile futhi uhlole ingadi kaningi ukuthi ivuthiwe yini ngesikhathi sokuvuna. Ukuze uthole imifino emnandi kakhulu engadini yakho yemifino, udinga ukuyivuna uma isisezingeni eliphezulu lokunambitheka kwayo.